Term
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Definition
| development of a new species |
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Term
| two patterns of speciation |
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Definition
anagenesis-unbranched lineage
cladogenesis-branching evolution from parent species |
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Term
| what are two concepts of a species? |
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Definition
morphospecies-defined by anatomical features
biological species-produces fertile offspring |
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Term
| what are isolating mechanisms |
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Definition
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Term
| two categories of isolating mechanisms & examples |
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Definition
prezygotic-impedes mating; ex: geographic
postzygotic-prevent zygote from becoming fertile adult; ex: zygote mortality |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| adaptive radiation & example |
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Definition
| spreading of population to different environment; ex: Darwin's finches |
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Term
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Definition
| geographic overlap of species |
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Term
| What is hybridization and polyploidy example |
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Definition
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Term
| Difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium |
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Definition
gradual: traditional evolutionary tree with branches as they become new species
punctuated: redrawn to show spurts of relatively rapid change instead of gradual divergence |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| approximate age of oldest fossil |
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Definition
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Term
| Theory of chemical evolution |
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Definition
| right checmicals, an energy source, absence of free oxygen, time |
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Term
| what four conditions were necessary for chemical evolution according to this theory |
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Definition
formation of simple organic compounds
complex compounds
aggregates of complex organic compounds
origins of genetic imformation |
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Term
| who proposed theory of chemical evolution |
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Definition
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Term
| how did conditions of early earth differ from those on modern day earth according to this theory |
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Definition
| conditions would have killed modern organisms |
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Term
| Conclusions from Miller's experiment |
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Definition
| verified organic compounds could have formed on prebiotic earth by action of energy on various atmospheric gases |
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Term
| what was the conclusion from Fox's experiment |
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Definition
| complex organic compounds could have occurred on early earth |
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Term
| Why was the development of photosynthesis important in the evolution of living organisms |
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Definition
| divergence of autotrophs and heterotrophs |
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Term
| what is an autotrophic organism, heterotrophic organisms, which evolved first |
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Definition
autotrophic-creates own food through photosynthesis
heterotrophic-must consume others to survive
heterotrophs evolved first |
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Term
aerobic
anaerobic
which came first? |
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Definition
aerobic-requires oxygen
anaerobic-does not use oxygen
anaerobic came first |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
divergent
convergent
parallel |
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Definition
divergent-development of differences between organisms of common origins
convergent-development of similarities between organisms of different origins
parallel-development of similarities independently of each other in organisms from related ancestral stocks |
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