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Ch. 10
environmental geology
13
Geology
Undergraduate 2
12/02/2008

Additional Geology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Beach
Definition
Accumulation of whatever loose material (commonly sand,gravel, or bits of shell and so forth) that accumulate on a shoreline as the result of wave action.
Term
Beach-Budget
Definition
Inventory of sources and losses of sediment to a particular stretch of coastline
Term
Beach Nourishment
Definition
Artificial process of adding sediment(sand) to a beach for recreational and aesthetic purposes as well as to provide a buffer to coastal erosion.
Term
Breakwater
Definition
A structure(as a wall) which may be attached to a beach or located offshore, designed to protect a beach or harbor from the force of the waves.
Term
Groins
Definition
A structure designed to protect shorelines and trap sediment in the zone of littoral drift, generally constructed perpendicular to the shoreline.
Term
Hurricane
Definition
Typical cyclone characterized by circulating winds of 100km/hr or greater generated over an area of about 160km in diameter; known as typhoons in the Pacific Ocean.
Term
Jetties
Definition
Often constructed in pairs at the mouth of a river or inlet to a lagoon, estuary, or bay, designed to stabilize a channel, control deposition of sediment, and deflect large waves.
Term
Longshore Sediment Transport
Definition
With respect to coastal processes, refers to the transport of sediment in the nearshore environment by wave activity
Term
Rip Current
Definition
A seaward flow of water in a confined narrow zone from a beach to beyond the breaker zone.
Term
Seacliff
Definition
Steep(commonly near-vertical) bluff adjacent to and adjoining a beach or coastal environment; produced by a combination of erosional processes including wave activity and subaerial processes such as weathering, landsliding, and runoff or surface water from the land.
Term
Seawall
Definition
Engineering structure constructed at the water's edge to minimize coastal erosion by wave activity
Term
Storm Surge
Definition
Wind-driven oceanic waves, usually accompanying a hurricane
Term
Tropical Cyclone (typhoon)
Definition
Severe storm generated from a tropical disturbance called typhoons in most of the Pacific Ocean and hurricanes in the Western Hemisphere.
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