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| Report on Manufactures and Report on the Public Credit (1791) |
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| Hamilton's report laid forth economic priciples rooted in both the mercantilist system of Elizabeth I's England and the practices of Jean-Baptiste Colbert of France. The principal ideas of the "Report" would later be incorporated into the "American System" program by Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky and his Whig Paty. Abraham Lincoln, who called himself a "Henry Clay tariff Whig" during his early years, would later make the principles outlined in the "Report" and furthered by Clay's "American System" program cornerstones, together with opposition to the institution and expansion of slavery, of the fledgling. |
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| offered little concessions from Britain to the U.S. and greatly disturbed the Jeffersonians. Jay was able to get Britain to say they would evacuatethe chain of posts on U.s. soil and pay damages for recent seizures of American ships. The British wouldn't promise to leave American ships alone in the future, and they decided that the Americans still owed British merchants for pre-Revolutionary war debts. Because of this, many Southerners especially, were angry and rioted and called John Jay the "Damn'd Arch traitor." |
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| Gave America what they demanded from the Spanish. Free navigation of the Mississippi, large area of north Florida. (helped America to have unexpected diplomatic success) Jay Treaty helped prompt the Spanish to deal with the port of New Orleans |
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| Washington's Farewell Address (1796) |
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| The Farewell Address was a document by George Washington in 1796, when he retired from office. It wasn't given orally, but was printed in newspapers. It did not concern foreign affairs; most of it was devoted to domestic problems.He stressed that we should stay away from permanent alliances with foreign countries; temporary alliances wouldn't be quite as dangerous but they should be made only in "extraordinary emergencies". He also spoke against partisan bitterness. The document was rejected by the Jeffersonians, who favored the alliance with France. |
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| Nov 1800-- Adams and the Federalist lost control of the Presidency and Congress as Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans were to take office in March. In order for the Federalists to keep any control they had to dominate the only remaining branch - the Judiciary. Federalist Congress then passed a new law Judiciary Act of 1801. Reduced the number of Supreme Court Justices. Created new judgeships - including Justice of the Peace. Some of the last commission were signed at midnight prior to Jefferson's Inauguration. |
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| The two Democratic-Republicans Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr defeated Federalist John Adams, but tied with each other. The final decision went the House of Representatives, where there was another tie. After a long series of ties in the House, Jefferson was finally chosen as president. Burr became VP. This led to the 12th Amendment, which requires the president and VP of the same party to run on the same ticket. Jefferson's election changed the direction of the government from Federalist to Democratic-Republican, so it was called a "revolution". |
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| AKA The Midnight Judges Act, represented an effort to solve an issue in the U.S. Supreme Court during the early 19th century. There was concern, beginning in 1789, about the system that required the justices of the Supreme Court to "ride circuit" and reiterate decisions made in the appellate level courts. The Supreme Court justices had often voiced concern and suggested that the judges of the supreme and circuit courts be divided. |
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| Requests of bribes in exchange for negotiations by France. French ships were seizing US vessels carrying British goods since the 2 countries were at war. 1797 President Adams sent a delegation to Paris (including John Marshall). The US delegates secretly approached by 3 French agents. They demanded a large loan and a bribe of $250000 for the privilege of talking to French foreign minister Talleyrand. Negotiations broke down and Marshall came home--seen as a hero. War hysteria swept the US |
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| 1792 S. Carolina, Alexander Chisholm, the executor of the estate of Robert Farquhar, attempted to sue the state of Georgia in the Supremem Court over prayments due him for goods that Farquhar had supplied Georgia during the American Revolutionary War. US Attorney General Edmund Randolph argued the case for the plaintiff before the Court. The defendant, Georgia, refused to appear, claiming that, as a "sovereign" state, it could not be sued without granting its consent to the suit. In a 4:1 decision, the Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, with Chief Justice John Jay and Associate Justices John Blair, James Wilson, and William Cushing constituting the majority; only Justice Iredell dissented. (In that time, there was no "opinion of the Court" or "majority opinion"; the Justices delivered their opinions individually and in ascending order of seniority.) The Court argued that Article 3, Section 2, of the Constitiution abrogated the States' sovereign immunity and granted federal courts the affirmative power to hear disputes between private citizens and States. |
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| A body of executive department heads that serve as the chief advisors to the President. Formed during the first years of Washington's Presidency, the original members of the cabinet included the Sec. of State, of the Tres. and of War. The cabinet is extremely important to the presidency, because these people influence the most powerful man in the nation. |
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| Organized in the Supreme Court, originally with five justices and a chief justice, along with several federal district and circuit courts. It also created the attorney general's office. This Act created the judiciary branch of the U.S. government and thus helped to shape the future of this country. |
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| They were mostly wealthy and opposed anarchy. Their leaders included Jay, Hamilton, and Madison, who wrote the Federalist Papers in support of the Constitution. |
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| One of nations first political parties, led by Thomas Jefferson and stemming from the anti-federalist, emerged around 1792, gradually became today's Democratic party. The Jeffersonian republicans were pro-French, liberal, and mostly made up of the middle class. They favored a weak central government and strong states' rights. |
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