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The driving force that energizes behavior |
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Requires coordinated changes in physiology & behavior |
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Reproductive success of self and close relatives |
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States of arousal that accompany an unfulfilled need |
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We behave in order to satisfy needs & reduce drives |
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Positive outcomes that are established by social learning |
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Maslow's Theory of Human Needs |
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You can't fulfill higher needs until more basic needs are met |
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Causes excess sugars in the blood to be stored as fats & carbohydrates |
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Signals satiety; protein released by fat cells |
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Ventromedial hypothalamus |
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Excess level of fat in the body; heritable |
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Minimal amount of energy used in resting state |
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Weight maintained when no effort is made |
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The more we see & interact with people, the more likely they are to be our friends |
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Familiarity increases liking...up to a point (inverse U function) |
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Attractiveness stereotype (attractiive people = good people) |
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Argued that gender was learned, not innate |
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Kids raised as girls, grow penis & become male at puberty |
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Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome |
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Genetic males (XY) who appear female |
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"bad" pictures coupled with induced nausea |
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"bad picture coupled with shock, then "good" picture |
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Reinforcement Schedule (homosexuality) |
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If frst experience gay, then experience is reinforced by orgasm |
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) |
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Malfunctioning adrenal glands; higher levels of circulating androgens |
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Fraternal Birth Order Effect |
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Number of older male siblings has strong effect on sexual orientation in males |
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2 to 3 times larger in males; homosexuals have abnormal size |
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Factors of Sexual Orientation |
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Prenatal environment, genetics, environment |
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