Basic Computer Operations

• Input/Output
• Basic arithmetic and logical calculations
• Data Transformation or translation (program compilation, foreign language translation, file updating)
• Data sorting
• Searching for data matches
• Data storage and retrieval
• Data movement (movement of text of file data to make room for insertion of additional data)

IPO

Input-Process-Output

(alternatively storage can be interpreted as output to be saved for future use)

Basic High-Level Language Constructs

• Input/Output (including file storage and retrieval)
• Arithmetic and logical assignment statements
• True/False decision branching (IF-THEN-ELSE or IF-GOTO)
• Loops and or unconditional branching (WHILE-DO, REPEAT-UNTIL, FOR, GOTO)

Components required for the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model are 

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• Computer hardware
• Software
• Data
• Communication component

3 Primary Subunits of a CPU

• Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) - performs arithmetic & Boolean logical calculations
• Control Unit (CU) - Controls the processing of instructions and internal movement of data between the subunits of the CPU
• Interface Unit - moves program instructions and data between the CPU and other hardware components

Main Memory

also known as

RAM (random access memory),

 primary storage, or working storage

Stored Program Concept

The idea that the program instructions and data are both stored in memory while being processed.

Application Program Interface (API)

Acts as an interface for application programs and utilities to access the internal services provided by the OS.

Describe the needs of a Home User.

The home use generally requires a simple system and a few programs.

Requirements:

• Reliability
• Small storage capacity
• Minimal memory
• Minimal Software

Describe the needs of a Eneterprise User.

The Enterprise User performs their daily work on a computer.

Requirements:

• Reliability
• Larger storage Capacity
• More Memory
• Networking Components
• Powerful software

Describe the needs of a Programmer.

The computer system for the Programmer will be similar to that of the Enterprise User.

Requirements:

• Reliability Very large storage capacity
• Large amounts of memory
• Powerful software
• Fast processor speed

Describe the needs of a System Administrator.

Similar system as an Eterprise User but this system will do more communication over a network.

Requirements:

• Reliability Large storage capacity
• Large amounts of memory
• Powerful software
• Fast processor speed
• Robust networking components

Describe the needs of a Server Manager.

The Server Manager is responsible for managing teh larger computers that store information used by all users.

Requirements:

• Reliability
• Extremely large storage capacity
• Large amounts of memory
• Powerful software
• Fast processor speed
• Robust networking components

Application Program Interface

(API)

Acts as an interface for application programs and utilities to access the internal services provided by the OS.

What is the IANA

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority:

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for the global coordination of the DNS Root, IP addressing, and other Internet protocol resources

What does "Standards"

ensure?

 Ensures that protocols are universally standard.

Standards are agreements among interested parties to assure that various system components will work together interchangeably.

What are Protocols?

Protocols define the specific agreed upon sets of ground rules that make it possible for communication to take place.