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Definition
| Result in the breakdown of molecules into smaller components. (exergonic) |
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| Involves the synthesis of larger molecules from small. (endergonic) |
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Definition
| Chemical reactions that release free energy and occur spontaneously. |
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Definition
Chemical reactions that require an addition of free anergy and do not proceed spontaneously.
(ADP+P -> ATP) |
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Term
| ATP hydrolysis in driving other reactions |
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Definition
| Coupling ATP hydrolysis with other reactions can change a reaction that would have been endergonic to one that is exergonic. |
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Term
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Definition
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for the substrates to reach a transition state.
(APT + glucose -> Glucose-phosphate + ADP) |
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| Enzyme shape changes in enzyme-catalyzed reactions |
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Definition
| Enzymes may donate amino acids to catalyze reactions, but the amino acids are returned to the enzyme after the reaction is complete. |
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Term
| Cause of substrate specificity in enzymes |
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Definition
| Conformational changes in the enzyme-substrate complex cause the substrate to bind tightly with the enzyme called an induced fit. Only after this can the reaction take place. |
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| Affects on enzymes - temperature |
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Definition
| High temperatures may inhibit an enzyme's ability to function properly. Very high temperatures my cause it to become denatured and not at all functional. |
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Definition
| Enzymes may not functional as well if the pH is altered from that which they normally function in. |
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| Affects on enzymes - inhibitors (competitive) |
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Definition
| Molecules that bind to the active site on an enzyme and inhibit the ability of the substrate to bind. |
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Term
| Affects on enzymes - inhibitors (noncompetitive) |
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Definition
| Binds to noncovelently an enzyme at a location outside the active site (allosteric site) and inhibits the enzyme's function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can be used to make NAHD which can be used to produce ATP |
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