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Ch 9 10 11
Last Test
43
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
11/17/2009

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Primary Sector of the Economy
Definition
the part of the economy that draws raw materials from the natural environment. EX: Agriculture, ranching, fishing, forestry, and mining.
Term
Power
Definition
The ability to achieve desired ends despite resistance from others
Term
Power elite model
Definition
an analysis of politics that sees power as concentrated among the rich.
Term
Democracy
Definition
a political system that gives power to the people as a whole
Term
Politics
Definition
The social institution that distributes power, sets a society’s agenda and makes decisions
Term
Family Unit
Definition
A social group of two or more people, related by blood, marriage, or adoption, who usually live together
Term
Nuclear family
Definition
a family composed of one or two parents and their children
Term
Totalitarianism
Definition
a highly centralized political system that extensively regulates peoples lives
Term
Secondary Sector of the Economy
Definition
part of the economy that transforms raw materials into manufactured goods.
EX: Refining oil, manufacturing cars
Term
Tertiary Sector of the Economy
Definition
part of the economy that involves services rather than goods
EX: Clerical, food services, sales, law, healthcare, advertising and teaching
Term
Extended family
Definition
a family composed of parents and children as well as other kin
Term
Kin
Definition
a social bond based on common ancestry, marriage or adoption
Term
Endogamy
Definition
marriage between people of the same social category
Term
Polygamy
Definition
marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses
Term
Authoritarian
Definition
a political system that denies the people participation in government
Term
Terrorism
Definition
acts of violence or the threat of such violence used by an individual or group as a political strategy
Term
Monogamy
Definition
marriage that unites two partners
Term
Monarchy
Definition
a political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation
Term
Patrilocality
Definition
families live with or near the husband’s family
Term
Matrilocality
Definition
couples live with or near the wife’s family
Term
Homogamy
Definition
marriage between people with the same social characteristics
Term
Post modernity
Definition
social patterns characteristic of postindustrial societies
Term
Social Movement
Definition
an organized activity that encourages or discourages social change
Term
Totem
Definition
an object in the natural world collectively defined as sacred
Term
Religion
Definition
a social institution involving beliefs and practices based on recognizing the sacred
Term
Sect
Definition
a religious organization that stands apart from the larger society
Term
Modernity
Definition
social patterns resulting from industrialization
Term
Education
Definition
social institution through which society provides its members with important
Term
Functional Illiteracy
Definition
a lack of the reading and writing skills need for everyday living
Term
Social Epidemiology
Definition
The study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society’s population
Term
Gemeinschaft
Definition
a type of social organization in which people are closely tied by kinship & tradition
Term
Capitalism
Definition
economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned (Private Ownership of Property, Pursuit of Personal Profit, Competition and Consumer Choice)
Term
Faith
Definition
belief based on conviction rather than on scientific evidence
Term
Socialism
Definition
economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services
are collectively owned (Collective Ownership of Property, Pursuit of Collective Goals, Government Control of the Economy)
Term
Marriage
Definition
legal relationship, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and childbearing
Term
Sacred
Definition
set apart as extraordinary, inspiring awe and reverence
Term
Religion
Definition
social institution involving beliefs and practices based on recognizing the sacred
Term
Economy
Definition
social institution that organizes a society’s production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
Term
Profane
Definition
occurring as an ordinary part of everyday life
Term
Schooling
Definition
formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers
Term
Holistic Medicine
Definition
an approach to healthcare that emphasizes the prevention of illness and takes into account a persons entire physical and social environment. (Treat patients as people, Encourage responsibility NOT dependency, Provide personal treatment)
Term
Ritual
Definition
formal ceremonial behavior
Term
Gesellschaft
Definition
a type of social organization in which people come together only on the basis of individual self-interest.
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