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Ch.8 Brain & Behavior
Test
23
Psychology
Graduate
10/25/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Striated Muscles
Definition
Striped appearance, including cardiac and skeletal muscles.
Term
Smooth muscles
Definition
Lining of digestive tract, in arteries, reproductive system; controlled by ANS.
Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
Neuromuscular Junction, a neurotransmitter, located in ANS/CNS.
Term
Myofibril
Definition
Strand of protein, interior muscle, responsible for fiber contractions.
Term
Fast twitch
Definition
Anaerobic, TypeIIa, IIb, containing few mitochondria, movement for explosive strength.
Term
Slow twitch
Definition
Aerobic, Type I, with large amounts of mitochondria, movement by endurance.
Term
Stretch
Definition
Muscle spindle
Term
Motor unit
Definition
Single alpha motor neuron, either fast OR slow twitch muscles.
Term
Force
Definition
Firing rate of neurons, leading to contraction. Recruitment , heavy objects placed on a muscle.
Term
Voluntary Movement
Definition
Prefrontal cortex, Pre SMA, primary cortex, lateral pathway, spinal motor neurons.
Term
Parkinson's Disease
Definition
Difficulty movement, exposure to toxins, treatment is a surgical removal of basil ganglia or thalamus. 
Term
Huntington's Diseases
Definition
Middle aged, involuntary movements, jerky, hallucinations and delusions. Abnormalities in protein huntington. 
Term
Baroreceptors
Definition
Measure low blood pressure, in heart & kidneys
Term
Lateral Pathway
Definition
Lateral spinal cord, motor cortex to spinal neurons. Hands, feel, driving, outer limbs.
Term
Ventromedial Pathway
Definition
Ventromedial Spinal cord, carry commands rom brainstem to spinal neurons. Neck & torso
Term
Primary motor cortex
Definition
Precentral gyrus of frontal lobe. Basil ganglia, brainstem and spinal motor neurons.
Term
Basil ganglia and movement
Definition
Choice and initiation of voluntary movement. In forebrain, motor cortex and thalamus. 
Term
Myasthenia gravis
Definition
Muscle weakness & fatigue. Degeneration of ACh
Term
Muscular Dystrophy 
Definition
Group of inherited diseases causing muscle degeneration, due to protein dystrophin. 
Term
Duchenne Muscular dystrophy
Definition
Missing dystrophin, extreme muscle development, body builders.
Term
Polio
Definition
A virus, damaging to spinal neurons, causing severe paralysis.  Immunization shots are treatment
Term
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Definition
Genetic virus, causing weakness, muscle atrophy, cramps and muscle twitching. No treatment approved.
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