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CH 7. CE
foundations of individual and group behavior
29
Marketing
Undergraduate 2
02/18/2010

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Term
organizational behavior
Definition
(OB) the study of actions of people at work
Term
organizational citizenship
Definition
behavior that is not directly part of en employees formal job description
Term
attitudes
Definition
valuative statements concerning objects, people, or events
Term
cognitive component of an attitude
Definition
the beliefs, opinions, knowledge, and information held by a person
Term
affective component of an attitude
Definition
the emotional, or feeling, segment of an attitude
Term
behavioral component of an attitude
Definition
an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something
Term
cognitive dissonance
Definition
an incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes
Term
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
Definition
a method of identifying personality types
Term
Big Five model
Definition
Five factor model of personality that includes extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience
Term
emotional intelligence (EI)
Definition
an assortment of noncognitive skills, capabilities, and competencies that influences a persons ability to cope with environmental demands and pressures
Term
locus of control
Definition
a personality attribute that measures the degree to which people believe that they are masters of their own fate
Term
Machiavellianism
Definition
a measure to the degree to which people are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe that ends justify means
Term
self-esteem (SE)
Definition
an individuals degree of like or dislike for himself
Term
self monitoring
Definition
a measure of an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors
Term
proactive personality
Definition
describes those individuals who are more prone to take actions to influence their environment
Term
perception
Definition
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory impressions in order to give meaning to the environment
Term
attribution theory
Definition
a theory based on the promise that we judge people differently depending on the meaning we attribute to a give behavior
Term
fundamental attribution error
Definition
the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal or personal factors when making huge judgments about the behavior of others
Term
self serving bias
Definition
the tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors
Term
learning
Definition
any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of an experiment
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
a behavioral theory that argues that voluntary or learned behavior is a function of its consequences
Term
social learning theory
Definition
the theory that people can learn through observation and direct experience
Term
shaping behavior
Definition
the process of guiding an individuals learning through graduated steps
Term
group
Definition
two or more interacting and interdependent individuals who come together to achieve particular objectives
Term
role
Definition
a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone who occupies a given position in a social unit
Term
norms
Definition
acceptable standards shared by the members of a group
Term
status
Definition
a prestige grading, position, or rank within a group
Term
social loafing
Definition
the tendency of an individual in a group to decrease his or her effort because responsibility and individual achievement cannot be measure
Term
group cohesiveness
Definition
the degree to which members of a group are attracted to each other and share goals
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