Term
| Working memory appears to be "orchestrated" by the ________, a region of the brain long known to be involved in most high-level cognitive functions |
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Definition
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Term
| The chapter discussion about scuba divers who remembered information learned underwater best when they were tested underwater demonstrated the: |
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Definition
| encoding specificity principle |
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Term
| Declarative memory can involve either ________ or ________ memory |
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Definition
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Term
| Spacing study sessions increases the long-term retention of information (compared to all-night cramming) by: |
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Definition
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Term
| Many students report that it is much easier for them to recall information when they write an in-class test in the same room as they take the course than when they write the final examination in an examination hall or the gym. A possible reason for this difference is |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ enhances memory for emotionally-charged material: |
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Definition
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Term
| Pieces of information along a network of associations are called ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Research on forgetting shows that |
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Definition
| flashbulb memories fade with time and may be inaccurate |
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Term
| Dave tried to remember the lyrics of a new song, but kept confusing it with the lyrics of an older song with a similar title. This demonstrates: |
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Definition
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Term
| Excessive use of alcohol especially interferes with ______ memory: |
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Definition
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Term
| It is generally accepted that the mind |
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Definition
| [image] B. |
transforms information. |
| [image] C. |
retrieves information. |
| [image] D. |
all of the above |
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Term
| Sally wants to remember a phone number she just looked up. To help her retain this information in short term memory she should |
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Definition
| use maintenance rehearsal |
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Term
| Memory that is expressed in behaviors rather than being consciously retrieved is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| When you go to the grocery store and you cannot remember what you were supposed to get, you start wandering up and down the aisle hoping for |
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Definition
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Term
| You are talking to your friend and suddenly he/she seems to be talking about something only somewhat related to what your conversation was about. This can most likely be explained by |
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Definition
| spreading activation theory |
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Term
| To help remember the order of the planets or the biological hierarchy of classification, people often make rhymes. They are really using |
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Definition
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Term
| From my experience I have developed a set of organized knowledge about fire trucks. They are large, red, have sirens, drive fast, etc. What I have developed is a(n) _____ about fire trucks. |
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Definition
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Term
| Even though John was involved in a serious accident over 6 months ago he feels that he could describe it in as much detail today as he did 20 minutes after the accident. This shows the effect of ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| The dentist sent you a reminder of your dental appointment, you cringed but wrote it in your schedule, and you still 'forgot' to go. Psychologists would say that you likely fell prey to |
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Definition
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Term
| Psychologists equate wisdom with: |
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Definition
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Term
| As proposed by Lewis Terman, which of the following formulas correctly expresses the intelligence quotient (IQ) as the relation between an individual's mental age (MA) and chronological age (CA)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Giftedness is evidenced by an IQ that exceeds: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| is a highly heritable condition that can, however, be treated by dietary restrictions |
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Term
| One strategy for assessing creativity is to measure ________ thinking. This type of thinking involves generating multiple possibilities from a given situation, such as describing all the possible uses of a coffee cup. |
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Definition
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Term
| IQ tests place individuals on a continuum of intelligence, but, in general, they do not |
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Definition
| explain what intelligence is. |
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Term
| Contestants on the television show, Jeopardy, compete primarily based on their |
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Definition
| crystallized intelligence |
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Term
| Which of the following was NOT identified as a type of intelligence by Howard Gardner in his theory of multiple intelligences? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gardner argues that intelligences can be isolated based on a number of criteria, including |
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Definition
| their neurological independence, the presence of savants, and their different courses of development. |
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Term
| Which of the following is consistent with the conclusions of the American Psychological Association task force on intelligence and intelligence testing? |
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Definition
| IQ tests are highly predictive of school success |
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Term
| To be classified as mentally retarded, a person must exhibit: |
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Definition
| an IQ below 70 and adaptive functioning deficits first noticed in childhood |
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Term
| Most cases of severe mental retardation reflect |
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Definition
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Term
| Intelligence correlates with: |
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Definition
| quality of neural connections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Attempting to identify groups of items in a test that correlate highly with one another in order to discover underlying skills or abilities is a trademark of |
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Definition
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Term
| The two factor theory distinguishes a g factor from s factors. Who developed this theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Susan is 20 years older than her friend Barb. Because she has most likely experienced more in life and built a large store of knowledge, we can assume that Susan would likely score higher on |
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Definition
| crystallized intelligence. |
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Term
| Variables on which people differ, and which correlate with IQ and achievement include |
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Definition
.
speed of processing.
B.
knowledge base.
C.
ability to learn and apply mental strategies.
D.
all of the above. |
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Term
| John does extremely well in one area of his life – cooking, yet he is extremely limited in most other areas. A label that could be applied to John is |
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Definition
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Term
| Identical twins, separated at birth, raised by separate families will show |
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Definition
| highest correlation with their identical twin. |
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