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Ch 6.2 - Musculoskeletal System
Body Planes, Terms of Position and Direction, Body Positions, Body Movements; do reverse side first
38
Classics
Undergraduate 2
09/20/2009

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Term
coronal (frontal) plane
Definition
vertical division of the body in front and back portions
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
vertical division of the body in right and left portins
Term
transverse plane
Definition
horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
Term
anterior
Definition
front of the body
Term
posterior
Definition
back of the body
Term
superior
Definition
situated above another structure, toward the head
Term
inferior
Definition
situated below another structure, away from the head
Term
proximal
Definition
toward the beginning or origin of a structure
Term
distal
Definition
away from the beginning or origin of a structure
Term
medial
Definition
toward the middle
Term
lateral
Definition
toward the side
Term
axis
Definition
line that runs through the center of the body or a body part
Term
erect
Definition
normal standing position
Term
decubitus
Definition
lying down, especially in bed
Term
prone
Definition
lying face down and flat
Term
recumbent
Definition
lying down
Term
supine
Definition
horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back - "on the spine"
Term
flexion
Definition
bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased
Term
extension
Definition
straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased
Term
abduction
Definition
movement away from the body
Term
adduction
Definition
movement toward the body
Term
rotation
Definition
circular movement around an axis
Term
eversion
Definition
turning outward
Term
inversion
Definition
turning inward
Term
arthralgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
atrophy
Definition
shrinking of tissue such as a muscle
Term
crepitation, crepitus
Definition
grating sound made by movement of some joints or broken bones
Term
exostosis
Definition
a projection arising form a bone that develops from cartilage
Term
flaccid
Definition
flabby, relaxed, or having defective or absent muscle tone
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
increase in the size of tissue such as muscle
Term
hypotonia
Definition
reduced muscle tone or tension
Term
myalgia, myodynia
Definition
muscle pain
Term
ostealgia, osteodynia
Definition
bone pain
Term
rigor or rigidity
Definition
stiffness, stiff muscle
Term
spasm
Definition
drawing in, involuntary contraction of muscle
Term
spastic
Definition
uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
Term
tetany
Definition
tension; prolonged, continuous muscle contraction
Term
tremor
Definition
shaking; rhythmic muscular movement
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