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Ch 5
Integumentary System
68
Medical
Undergraduate 3
09/08/2015

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Androgen
Definition
Generic form of an agent (usually a hormone, such as testosterone and androsterone) that stimulates development of male characteristics.
Term
Ductule
Definition
Very small duct
Term
adip/o
lip/o
steat/o
Definition
fat
Term
cutane/o
dermat/o
derm/o
Definition
skin
Term
hidr/o
sudor/o
Definition
sweat
Term
ichthy/o
Definition
dry, scaly
Term
kerat/o
Definition
horny tissue; hard ; cornea
Term
myc/o
Definition
fungus (plural fungi)
Term
onych/o
ungu/o
Definition
nail
Term
pil/o
trich/o
Definition
hair
Term
scler/o
Definition
hardening; sclera (white of eye)
Term
seb/o
Definition
sebum, sebaceous
Term
squam/o
Definition
scale
Term
xen/o
Definition
foreign, strange
Term
xer/o
Definition
dry
Term
-therapy
Definition
treatment
Term
abscess
Definition
Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection.
Term
acne
Definition
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts and usually associated with seborrhea; also called acne vulgaris
Term
alopecia
Definition
Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, as drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; commonly called baldness.
Term
Bowen Disease
Definition
Form of intraepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis; also called Bowen precancerous dermatosis
Term
Cellulitis
Definition
Diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
Term
Chloasma
Definition
Pigmentory skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots.
Term
Comedo
Definition
Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging and excretory duct of the skin
Term
Dermatomycosis
Definition
Infection of the skin caused by fungi.
Term
Ecchymosis
Definition
Skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise.
Term
Eczema
Definition
Chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, and scabs and accompanied by intense itching (pruritis); also called atopic dermatitis.
Term
Erythema
Definition
Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries.
Term
Eschar
Definition
Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin; especially after a burn
Term
Impetigo
Definition
Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
Term
Keratosis
Definition
Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)
Term
Lentigo
Definition
Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person.
Term
Pallor
Definition
Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
Term
Pediculosis
Definition
Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear.
Term
Petechia
Definition
Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin.
Term
Pressure ulcer
Definition
Inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lyingin one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly bedridden persons; also known as decubitus ulcer.
Term
Pruritus
Definition
Intense itching
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
Chronic sin disease characterized by circumscribed red patched covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis.
Term
Purpura
Definition
Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymosis or petechiae.
Term
Scabies
Definition
Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact.
Term
Tinea
Definition
Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm
Term
Urticaria
Definition
Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red elevated patches called wheals or hives.
Term
Verruca
Definition
Epidermal growth caused by a virus; also known as warts. Types include plantar warts, juvenile warts, and venereal warts.
Term
Vitiligo
Definition
Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches.
Term
Chemical peel
Definition
Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses; also called chemabrasion.
Term
Cryosurgery
Definition
Use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts and unwanted, cancerous or infected tissue.
Term
debridement
Definition
Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents.
Term
Dermabrasion
Definition
Rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away (abrade) the epidermis.
Term
Fulguration
Definition
Tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodessication.
Term
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
Definition
Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells.
Term
Mohs
Definition
Layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer free tissue remains.
Term
Skin Graft
Definition
Transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site
Term
Allograft
Definition
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another; also called homograft
Term
Autograft
Definition
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
Term
Synthetic graft
Definition
Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
Term
Xenograft
Definition
Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called a heterograft.
Term
Allergy skin test
Definition
Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it.
Term
Intradermal allergy skin test
Definition
Skin test that identified suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction
Term
Patch allergy skin test
Definition
Skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response
Term
Scratch allergy skin test
Definition
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; also called puncture or prick test
Term
Culture & Sensitivity (C&S)
Definition
Laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an injected area (such as an ulcer, wound, or pus from an injection) in order to identify the specific infecting bacterium and then determine its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs.
Term
Antifungals
Definition
Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death. They are used to treat ringworm (tinea corporis), athlete's foot (tinea pedis), and fungal infection of the nail (onychomycosis). When topical ones are not effective, oral or intravenous ones drugs may be necessary.
Term
Antihistamines
Definition
Inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by he release of histamine . In a case of severe itching, they may be given orally. As a group, these drugs are also known as antipruritics (because pruritus means itching)
Term
Antiparasitics
Definition
Kills insect parasites, such as mites and lice. They are used to treat scabies (mites) and pediculosis (lice). The drug is applied as a cream or lotion to the body and as a shampoo to treat the scalp.
Term
Antiseptics
Definition
Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions.
Term
Corticosteroids
Definition
Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system's inflammatory response to tissue damage. Topical ones are used to treat contact dermatitis, poison ivy, insect bites, psoriasis, seborrhea, and eczema. Oral ones may be prescribed for systemic treatment or severe or widespread inflammation or itching.
Term
Keratolytics
Definition
Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed. Strong ones remove warts and corns and aid in penetration of antifungal drugs. Milder ones promote shedding of scales and crusts in eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and other dry scaly conditions. Weak ones irritate inflamed skin, acting as a tonic to accelerate healing.
Term
Protectives
Definition
Cover, cool, dry or soothe inflamed skin. They do not penetrate the skin or soften it. Rather they allow the natural healing process to occur by forming a long-lasting film that protects the skin from air, water, and clothing
Term
Topical Anesthetics
Definition
Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes. These topical drugs are administered directly by means of sprays, creams, gargles, suppositories and other preparations. They provide temporary symptomatic relief of minor burns, sunburns, rashes and insect bites.
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