Term
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Definition
| constant pressure exerted by the cuff causes tracheal dilation and erosion of cartilage |
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Term
| Manifestations of Tracheomalacia |
|
Definition
- an increased amount of air is required in the cuff to maintain the seal
- a larger trach tube is req to prevent an air leak at the stoma
- food particles are seen in the tracheal secretions
- the patient does not receive the set tidal volume on the ventilator
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Term
|
Definition
| narrowed tracheal lumen is due to scar formation from irritation of tracheal mucosa by the cuff |
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Term
| Manifestations of Tracheal Stenosis |
|
Definition
- stenosis is usually seen after the cuff is deflated or the tracheostomy tube is removed
- the pt has increased coughing, inability to expectorate secretions, or difficulty breathing or talking
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Term
| Tracheoesophageal fistula |
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Definition
| excessive cuff pressure causes erosion of the posterior wall of the trachea. A whole is created between the trachea and the anterior esophagus. The patient at highest risk also has a NG tube present |
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Term
| Manifestations of Tracheoesophageal Fistula |
|
Definition
- Similar to tracheomalacia
- food particles are seen in the tracheal secretions
- increased air in cuff is needed to ahcieve a seal
- the patient has increased coughin and choking while eating
- the patient does not receive the set tidal volume on the ventilator
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Term
| trachea-innominate artery fistula |
|
Definition
a malpositioned tube causes its distal tip to push against the lateral wall of the tracheostomy. Continued pressure causes necrosis and erosion of the innominate artery.
MEDICAL EMERGENCY |
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Term
| Manifestations of Trachea-innominate artery fistula |
|
Definition
- the tracheostomy tube pulsates in synchrony with the heartbeat
- there is heavy bleeding from the stoma
- this is a life threatening complication
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|
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Term
| Complications of tracheostomy |
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Definition
tube obstruction
tube dislodgement and accidental decannulation
pneumothorax
subcutaneous emphysema
bleeding
infection |
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