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Ch 3 test tissues
definitions and misc.
42
Anatomy
11th Grade
10/13/2009

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Term
epithelia
Definition
the lining, covering, and glandular tissue of the body
Term
connective tissue
Definition
connects body parts most abudant of tissue types binds structures together
Term
muscular tissue
Definition
highly specialized tissue designed to contract or shorten to produce movement
Term
nervous tissue
Definition
neurons and supporting cells form the brain spinal cord and nerves specialized to recieve and conduct electrical impulses
Term
vascular
Definition
with blood channels or vessels
Term
avascular
Definition
without blood channels or vessels
Term
apical surface
Definition
a free surface or edge
Term
basement membrane
Definition
a thin layer of extracellular material to which epithelial cells are attatched in mucosa surfaces anchor epithelial tissues to the underlying tissues
Term
extracellular matrix
Definition
the material that surrounds and supports cells fluid and other substances outside the cell
Term
how are epithelial cells classified?
Definition
based on their cell shape and the arrangement of the layers of tissue
Term
how are epithelial cells classified?
Definition
based on their cell shape and the arrangement of the layers of tissue
Term
squamous cells
Definition
flat and thin which allows for movement across the membrane
Term
cuboidal cells
Definition
thicker and cube or cube-like shape they are best suited for secretions and absorbtion
Term
columnar cells
Definition
tall and cylindrical function to protect the underlying tissue
Term
name three specializations and their functions of columnar cells
Definition
microvilli-increase surface area for absorbtion
goblet cells-secrete mucous
cillia-move substances across the cell surface
Term
transitional tissues
Definition
range in shape and can change due to stretching(distension) and expansion only found in the urinary tract
Term
simple
Definition
a single layer absorbtion secretion and filtration
Term
stratified
Definition
two or more layers protection
Term
pseudostratified
Definition
one layer of a mixture of cell shapes however it appears to be more than one layer secrete mucous or are cilliated
Term
endocrine
Definition
ductless hormones-thyroids, adrenals, pituitary
Term
exocrine
Definition
have ducts sweat oil liver pancreas
Term
what do fibroblasts look like?
Definition
large and star shaped
Term
what do fibroblasts do?
Definition
produce fibers by secreting proteins
Term
collagen
Definition
thick with protein collagin tough but allows for some flexibility found in cartilage, tendons and ligaments
Term
elastic fibers
Definition
has elastin stretches
Term
macrophages
Definition
phagocytes
Term
plasma cells
Definition
secrete antibodies
Term
mast cells
Definition
large located by blood vessels
Term
heparin
Definition
prevents clotting
Term
histamine
Definition
dilates small vessels associated with inflamation and allergies
Term
chrondocytes
Definition
cartilage cell originate in chambers called lacunae
Term
osteocytes
Definition
bone cells
Term
adipocytes
Definition
fat cells
Term
cartilage
Definition
functions to support provide a framework and a place for attatchments protects and forms structure for bones
Term
perichondrium
Definition
covering for fibrous connective tissue
Term
bone
Definition
most rigid due to minerals and collagen fibers supports protects attatchment for muscles stores minerals produces blood cells
Term
muscle tissue
Definition
higly specialized cells for contraction
Term
how abundant is connective tissue?
Definition
most abundant tissue in the body
Term
regeneration
Definition
the replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
Term
fibrosis
Definition
the formation of scar tissue dense fibrous connective tissue replaces the original tissue
Term
the type of tissue repair which occurs depends on what?
Definition
the type of tissue damaged and the severity of the injury
Term
what tissues do not regenerate?
Definition
nerve tissue and cardiac tissue
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