Term
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Definition
| moving a body part away from an axis or the median line |
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Term
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Definition
| moving a body part toward the center or toward the median line |
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Term
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Definition
| immobility, consolidation, and fixation of a joint because of disease, injury, or surgery; most often due to chronic rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to perform coordinated movements |
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Term
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Definition
| enclosed sac filled with viscous fluid located in joint areas of potential friction |
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Term
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Definition
| moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| dry crackling sound or sensation due to grating of the ends of damaged bone |
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Term
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Definition
| directed toward or located on the surface |
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Term
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Definition
| flexion contractures of the fingers due to chronic hyperplasia of the palmar fascia |
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Term
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Definition
| moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| straightening a limb at a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| bending a limb at a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| round, cystic, nontender nodule overlying a tendon sheath or joint capsule, usually on dorsum of wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| lateral or outward deviation of the great toe |
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Term
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Definition
| moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| outward or convex curvature of the thoracic spine, hunchback |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another bone that strenghten the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| inward or concave curvature of the lumbar spine |
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Term
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Definition
| center of the intervertebral disc |
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Term
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Definition
| bony projection of the ulna at the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surface of the sole of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| turning of the forearm so that the palm is down |
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Term
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Definition
| moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground |
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Term
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Definition
| extent of movement of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic systemic inflammatory disease of joints and surrounding connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve pain along the course of the sciatic nerve that travels down from the back or thigh through the leg and into the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| s-shaped curvature of the thoracic spine |
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Term
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Definition
| turning the forearm so that the palm is up |
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Term
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Definition
| (clubfoot)congenital deformity of the foot in which it is plantar flexed and inverted |
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Term
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Definition
| strong fibrous cord that attaches a skeletal muscle to a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| (wryneck)contraction of the cervical neck muscles, producting torsion of the neck |
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Term
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Definition
| the vertebral spinous processes that are prominent at the base of the neck |
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Term
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Definition
| the inferior angle of the scapula is normally at the level of the interspace between these two vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| an imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest crosses this vertebra |
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Term
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Definition
| a joint in which the bones are united by fibrous tissue or cartilage and are immovable or only slightly movable |
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Term
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Definition
| a joint that is freely movable because it has bones that are separated from each other and are enclosed in a joint cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| bundles of muscle fibers that makeup skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| the loss of bone density during the aging process |
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Term
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Definition
| fingers list to ulnar side |
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Term
| Heberden's/Bouchard's nodules |
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Definition
| hard, nontender nodules that occur with osteoarthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| adduction and inversion of forefoot |
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Term
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Definition
| the presence of extra fingers or toes |
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Term
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Definition
| webbing in between adjacent fingers or toes |
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Term
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Definition
| a single palmar crease that occurs with Down syndrome, accompanied by short, broad fingers, and low-set thumbs |
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Term
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Definition
| "bowlegged" stance; a lateral bowing of the legs |
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Term
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Definition
| "knock knees"; present when there is more than 2.5 cm between the medial malleoli when the knees are together |
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Term
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Definition
| "flatfeet"; pronation of teh medial side of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| when a woman's pregnancy is at term, the protuberant abdomen and the relaxed mobility in the joints create this characteristic gait |
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Term
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Definition
| noninflammatory, localized, progressive disorder involving deterioration of the articular cartilages and subchondral bone and formation of new bone (osteophytes) at joint surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic progressive inflammation of spine, scroiliac, and larger joints of the extremities, leading to bony ankylosis and deformity |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of muscle mass that occurs from disuse, muscle tissue damage, or motor nerve damage |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling from excess fluid in the joint capsule |
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Term
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Definition
| frozen shoulder; fibrous tissue form in the joint capsule, causing stiffness, progressive limitation of motion, and pain |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation and swelling of subacrimonial bursa over the shoulder cause limited ROM and pain with motion |
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Term
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Definition
| large soft knob, or "goose egg," and redness from inflammation of olecranon bursa |
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Term
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Definition
| joint effusion or synovial thickening, seen first as bulge or fullness in grooves on either side of olecranon process |
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Term
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Definition
| raised, firm, nontender nodules that occur with rheumatoid arthritis; common sites are in the olecranon bursa and along extensor surface of arm |
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Term
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Definition
| tennis elbow; chronic disabling pain at lateral epicondyle of humerus, radiates down extensor surface of forearm |
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Term
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Definition
| round, cystic, nontender nodule overlying a tendon sheath or joint capsule, usually on dorsum of wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| atrophy occurs from interference with motor function from compression of the median nerve inside the carpal tunnel; caused by chronic repetitive motion; occurs between 30 and 60 years of age and is five times more common in women than in men |
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Term
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Definition
| nonarticular fracture of distal radius, with or without fracture of ulna at styloid process; usually from a fall on an outstretched hand; wrist looks puffy, with "silver fork" deformity |
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Term
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Definition
| flexion contraction of metacarpophalangeal joint, then hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint, and flexion of teh distal interphalangeal joint; occurs with chronic rheumatoid arthritis and is often accompanied by ulnar drift of the fingers |
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Term
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Definition
| knuckle looks as if it is being pushed through a button hole; includes flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint with compensatory hyperextension of distal interphalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
| painful swelling of the tibial tubercle just below the knee, probably from repeated stress on teh patellar tendon; occurs most in puberty during rapid growth and most often in males |
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Term
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Definition
| degeneration of the articular surface of patellae; joint motion is painless, but crepitus may be present; occurs most often in females |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tendon sheath near the ankle produces a superficial linear swelling and a localized tenderness along the route of the sheath; movement of the involved tendon usually causes pain |
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Term
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Definition
| hard, painless nodule (tophi) over metatarsophalangeal joint of first toe; they sometimes burst with a chalky discharge |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular papillomatous growth is probably due to a virus and occurs on teh sole of the foot, commonly at the ball; condition is extremely painful |
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Term
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Definition
| hypertrophy of the epithelium develops because of prolonged pressure, commonly on the plantar surface of the first metatarsal head in teh hallux valgus deformity; condition is not painful |
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Term
| Herniated nucleus pulposus |
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Definition
| the nucleus pulposus ruptures into the spinal canal and puts pressure onthe local spinal nerve root; usually occurs from stress, such as lifting, twisting, continuous flexion with lifting, or fall on buttocks |
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Term
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Definition
| incomplete closure of posterior part of vertebrae results in a neural tube defect; seriousness varies from skin defect along the spine to protrusion of teh sac containing meninges, spinal fluid, or malformed spinal cord |
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Term
| Legg-Calve-Perthes syndrome (coxa plana) |
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Definition
| avascular necrosis of the femoral head primarily in males between 3 and 12 years of age, with peak at age 6; in initial phase, interruption of blood supply to femoral epiphysis occurs, halting growth; revascularization and healing occur later, but significant residual deformity and dysfunction may be present |
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Term
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Definition
| localized swelling on anterior knee between patella and skin; condition is limited to the bursa, and the knee joint itself is not involved |
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