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| For which of the following is Wilhelm Wundt primarily known? |
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Definition
| the establishment of the first formal laboratory for research in psychology |
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| Stanley Hall is noteworthy in the history of psychology because he: |
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| established the first american research laboratory, launched americas first psychological journal, was the driving force behind the establishment of the american psychological foundation |
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| which of the following approaches would William James criticize for examining a movie frame instead of seeing the motion in the motion picture? |
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| Which of the following approaches might suggest that forgetting to pick his mother up at the airport was Henrys unconscious way of saying he did not welcome her visit? |
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| Fred, a tennis coach, insists that he can make any reasonably healthy individual into an internationally competitive tennis player. Fred is echoing the thoughts of |
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| Which of the following is a statement with which Skinners Followers would agree? |
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| Which of the following approaches has the most optimistic view of human nature? |
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| Which of the following historical events created a demand for clinicians that was far greater than the supply? |
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| Which of the following is not an important interest of the positive psychology movement? |
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Definition
| B. positive symptoms in mental disorders |
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| the study of the endocrine system and genetic mechanisms would most likely be taken by a |
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Definition
| B. physiological psychologist |
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| the fact that psychologists did not all agree about the nature and development of personality demonstrates... |
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Definition
| A. that there are many ways of looking at the same phenomenon |
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| A multifactorial causation approach to behavior suggests that: |
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Definition
| B. most behavior is governed by a complex network of interrelated factors |
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| psychology's answer to the question of whether we are born or made tends to be |
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Definition
| C. we are both born and made |
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Term
| in regard to changing answers on multiple choice tests, research indicates that__________changes tend to be more common than other types of changes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| need to be deliberately taught because they often do not develop by themselves with standard content instruction |
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| a tentative prediction about the relationship between two variables is |
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Definition
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| researchers must describe the actions that will be taken to measure or control each variable in their studies. In other words they must: |
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Definition
| A. Provide operational definitions of their variables |
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| a researcher found that clients who were randomly assigned to same-sex groups participated more in group therapy sessions than clients who were randomly assigned to coed groups. In this experiment, the independent variable was |
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Definition
| B. whether or not the group was coed |
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Term
| A researcher wants to see whether a protein enriched diet will enhance the maze running performance of rats. one group of rats are fed the high protein diet for the duration of the study; the other group continues to receive ordinary rat chow. In this experiment the diet fed to the two groups of rats is the ___________variable |
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| In the study of the effect of a new teaching technique on students achievement test scores, an important extraneous variable would be the students |
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| Whenever you have a cold, you rest in bed, take aspirin and drink plenty of fluids. you can't determine which remedy is most effective because of which of the following problems? |
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Definition
| C. confounding of variables |
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Term
| a psychologist monitors a group of nursery school children recording each instance of helping behavior as it occurs. the psychologist is using: |
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Definition
| B. naturalistic observation |
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Term
| among the advantages of descriptive/correlational research is |
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Definition
| B. it permits researchers to study variables that would be impossible to manipulate |
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Term
| Which of the following correlation coefficients would indicate the strongest relationship between two variables? |
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Definition
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| when psychologists say that their results are statistically significant, they mean that the results |
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Definition
| C. are unlikely to be due to the fluctuations of chance |
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Term
| Sampling bias exists when |
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Definition
| B. the sample is not representative of the population |
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Term
| the problem of experimenter bias can be avoided by |
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Definition
| C. using a research strategy in which neither subjects nor experimenter know which participants are in the experimental and control groups |
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Term
| Critics of deception in research have assumed that the deceptive studies are harmful to participants the empirical data on this issue suggests that |
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Definition
| B. most participants in deceptive studies report that they enjoyed the experience and didn't mind being misled |
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Definition
| B. a computerized database containing abstracts if articles chapters and books reporting psychological research |
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Definition
D. all of the above
is often concrete vivid and memorable, ends to influence people, is fundamentally flawed and unreliable |
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Term
| a neural impulse is initiated when a neurons charge momentarily becomes less negative or even positive. this event is called: |
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Definition
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| neurons convey info about the strength of stimuli by varying: |
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Definition
| C. the rate at which they fire action potentials |
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| Alterations in activity at dopamine synapses have been implicated in the development of: |
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| Tania just barely avoided a head on collision on a a narrow road. with heart pounding hands shaking and body perspiring tania recognizes that these are signs of the bodys fight or flight response, which is controlled by the: |
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Definition
| D. symoathetic division of the autonomic nervous system |
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Term
| the hindbrain consists of the: |
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Definition
| D. cerebellum, medulla and pons |
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Term
| juan is watching a basketball game. the neural impulses from his eyes will ultimately travel to his primary visual cortex but first they must pass through the: |
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Definition
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Term
| the _______lobe is to hearing as the occipital lobe is to vision. |
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| Paul has profound difficulty producing spoken language. if his problem is attrutable to brain damage, the damage would probably be found in the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Sounds presented to the right ear are registered: |
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Definition
| D. more quickly in the left hemisphere |
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Term
| in people whose corpus collasums have not been severed, verbal stimuli are identified more quickly and more accurately: |
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Definition
| B. when sent to the left hemisphere first |
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Term
| Hormones are to the endocrine system as___________ are to the nervous system |
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| jenny has brown hair and blue eyes and is 5'8" tall. what is being described is jennys: |
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| Adopted children's similarity ti their biological parents us generally attributed to__________; adopted children's similarity to their adoptive parents is generally attributed to___________. |
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Definition
| A. heredity, the environment |
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Term
| In evolutionary theory,__________refers to the reproductive success if an individual organism relative to the average reproductive success of the population. |
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Term
| For which of the following assertions is the empirical evidence strongest? |
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Definition
| A. the two cerebral hemispheres are specialized to handle different types of cognitive tasks. |
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| An EEG would indicate primarily________activity while you take this test/ |
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| Other things being equal, which of the following flights would lead to the greatest difficulty with jet lag? |
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Term
| Slow wave sleep consists os stages________of sleep and is dominated by________waves. |
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| As the sleep cycle evolves through the night people tend to: |
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Definition
| A. spend more time in REM sleep and less time in NREM sleep |
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| Newborn infants spend about ____% of their sleep time in REM, while adults spend about ___% of their sleep time in REM. |
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Definition
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| Tamara has taken part in a three-day study in which she was awakened every time she went into REM sleep. Now that she is home sleeping without interference, it is likely that she will: |
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Definition
| C. spend extra time in REM sleep for a few nights |
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Term
| Which of the following is associated with REM sleep? |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following is not true of cultural influences on dream experiences? |
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Definition
| A. The ability to recall dreams is fairly consistent across cultures |
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Term
| The activation-synthesis theory of dreaming contends that: |
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Definition
| A. dreams are simply the by-product of hurts of activity in the brain |
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Term
| A common driving experience is "highway hypnosis", in which ones consciousness seems to be divided between the driving itself and and ones conscious train of thought. This phenomenon is consistent with the idea that hypnosis is: |
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Definition
| B. a goal directed fantasy |
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Term
| Stimulant is to depressant as.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Amphetamines work by increasing the levels of____________ in a variety of different ways. |
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Definition
| D. norepinephrine and dopamine |
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Term
| which of the following drugs would be most likely to result in a fatal overdose? |
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Term
| which of the following is a true statement about naps? |
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Definition
| C. daytime naps are not very efficient ways to sleep, but their effects are sometimes beneficial |
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Definition
| D. are usually constructed by experts or authorities in a specific field |
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