Respiration Involves 4 events

1. movement of air in and out of lungs
2. external respiration; gas exchange between air and blood in lungs by diffusion
3. transport of gases between lungs and body cells; cardiovascular system
4. internal respiration; gas exchange between blood and body cells by diffusion

Nasal Conchae

increase surface area of nasal cavity. project from lateral walls

Goblet cells in epithelium produce

mucus-moistens incoming air and traps particles. air is warmed by blood vessels in mucus membrane . Cilia move trapped particles to pharynx where they cna be swallowed

Paranasal Sinusus

are filled cavities in the bones around the nasal cavity. Functions: lighten the skull, sound reconating chambers during speech,

Pharynx

also called the throat, passageway posterior to nasal and oral cavities, extending to larnyx and esophagus. Muscular wall covered in mucus membrane CONSISTS OF THREE PARTS: nasopharynx, oro

Tonsils

clumps of lymphatic tissue at opinging of thraot. Pataline tonsils, Pharynagal tonsils, linguinal tonsils

Cricoid Cartilage

connects to trachea

Epiglottis

flap that prevents food from entering larnyx; suppoted by liganments that extend form hyoid bone

Terminal Bronchioles form

alveolar ducts, which terminate in alveoli.

Alveoli

site of respirtaort gas exhange, filled with watery fluid to aid diffusion

LUNGS

cone-shaped and seperated by heart and mediastinum. COnsists of aveoli, air passgeways, blood and lyphatic vessels, and connective tissues.

VISCERAL PLEURA

(serious membrane)

Thrree important breathing pressures

Atmospheric Pressure, Intra-alveolar(air rpessure with lungs), intrapleural pressure(withing pleural cavity)