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Ch 14.1 - Gastrointestinal System
Anatomical Terms; do reverse first
44
Classics
Undergraduate 2
11/06/2009

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Term
oral cavity
Definition
cavity that receives food for digestion
Term
salivary glands
Definition
three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth thal secrete saliva: parotid, submandibular (submaxillary), and sublingual
Term
cheeks
Definition
lateral walls of the mouth
Term
lips
Definition
fleshy structures surrounding the mouth
Term
palate
Definition
structure that forms the roof of the mouth; it is divided into the hard and soft palate
Term
uvula
Definition
small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate
Term
tongue
Definition
muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucous membrane and held down by a band-like membrane known as the frenulum
Term
gums
Definition
tissue covering the processes of the jaws
Term
teeth
Definition
hard bone projections in the jaws that serve to masticate (chew) food
Term
pharnyx
Definition
throat; passageway for food traveling to the esophagus and air traveling to the larynx
Term
esophagus
Definition
muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
Term
stomach
Definition
sac-like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus
Term
cardiac sphincter
Definition
opening from the esophagus to the stomach
Term
pyloric sphincter
Definition
opening of the stomach into the duodenum
Term
small intestine
Definition
tubular strlrcture that digests food received from the stomach
Term
duodenum
Definition
first poftion of the small intestine
Term
jejunum
Definition
second portion of the small intestine
Term
ileum
Definition
third portion of the small intestine
Term
large intestine
Definition
larger tubular stmcture that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation
Term
cecum
Definition
first part of the large intestine
Term
veriform appendix
Definition
worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function; may serve to
resist infection
Term
colon
Definition
portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape
Term
ascending colon
Definition
porlion that extends upward from the cecum
Term
transverse colon
Definition
porlion that extends across from the ascending colon
Term
descending colon
Definition
portion that extends down from the transverse colon
Term
sigmoid colon
Definition
portion (resembling an s) that terminates at the rectum
Term
rectum
Definition
distal (end) poftion of the large intestine
Term
rectal ampulla
Definition
dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal
Term
anus
Definition
opening of the rectum to the outside of the body
Term
feces
Definition
refuse; solid waste formed in the larse intestine
Term
defecation
Definition
evacuation of feces from the rectum
Term
peritoneum
Definition
membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity consisting of the parietal layer (lining the abdominal wall) and visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen)
Term
peritoneal cavity
Definition
space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
Term
omentum
Definition
a covering; an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs
Term
liver
Definition
organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion
Term
gallbladder
Definition
receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver
Term
pancreas
Definition
gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, u,here it mixes with bile to disest food
Term
biliary ducts
Definition
ducts that convey bile, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts
Term
hypochondriac regions
Definition
upper lateral regions beneath the ribs
Term
epigastric region
Definition
upper middle region below the sternum
Term
lumbar regions
Definition
middle lateral regions
Term
umbilical region
Definition
region of the navel
Term
inguinal regions
Definition
lower lateral groin regions
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
region below the navel
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