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| the act of setting apart something for its application to a particular usage, to the exclusion of all other uses. It typically refers to the legislative designation of money for particular uses, in the context of a budget or spending bill. |
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| argues that systems of governance can be fundamentally reoriented to function as efficiently and productively as the best-run private sector buisnesses |
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a system of organization and control that is based on three principles...
1. Hierarchical authority
2. Job specialization
3. Formalized Rule |
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| Special interests that benefit directly from an agency's programs. Assist agencies by placing pressure on Congress and the president to support those programs from with they benefit |
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| Legislation that give appropriate officials the authority to implement or enforce the law |
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| are the standardized procedures and established regulations by which the bureaucracy conducts its operations |
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| The carrying out of decisions made by congress, the president, and the courts. |
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| a device for giving government jobs to friends and party hacks. |
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| The act of reporting instance of official mismanagement is potentially effective internal check. |
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National Performance Review |
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was an interagency task force to reform the way the U.S. federal government works in the Clinton Administration.
The NPR was created on March 3, 1993. It was the eleventh federal reform effort in the 20th century.
In early 1998, the National Performance Review was renamed to the National Partnership for Reinventing Government. |
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| government workers; usually hired on the basis of competitive examinations |
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Bureaucratic accountability |
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| The degree to which bureaucrats are held accountable for the power they exercise. |
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| is a government agency which deals with civil service matters and conflict resolution. It is tasked with the responsibility of overseeing the integrity of government actions and processes |
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Office of Personnel Management |
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| is an independent agency of the United States government that manages the civil service of the federal government. |
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Merit Systems Protection Board |
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| ensures that federal civil servants are hired and retained based on merit. |
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| Establishes a specific date when a law will expire unless it is reenacted by the Congress. |
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(1947) prohibits strikes; strikers can be fired |
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