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Ch 11.1 - Endocrine System
Anatomical Terms; do reverse side first
29
Classics
Undergraduate 2
10/25/2009

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Term
adrenal glands, suprarenal glands
Definition
located next to each kidney, the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
Term
steroid hormones - glucocorticoids, mineral corticosteroids, androgens
Definition
regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance; some effect on sexual characteristics
Term
epinephrine and norepinephrine
Definition
affect sympathetic nervous system in stress response
Term
ovaries
Definition
located one on each side of the uterus in the female pelvis, functioning to secrete estrogen and progesterone
Term
estrogen and progesterone
Definition
responsiblefor the development of female secondary sex characteristics and the regulation of reproduction
Term
pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
Definition
located behind the stomach in front of the first and second lumbar vertebrae,functioning to secrete insulin and glucagon
Term
insulin and glucagon
Definition
regulate carbohydrate/ sugar metabolism
Term
parathyroid glands
Definition
located on the posterior aspectof the thyroid gland in the neck,functioning to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Term
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Definition
regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
Term
pineal gland
Definition
located in the center of the brain, functioning to secrete melatonin and serotonin
Term
melatonin
Definition
exact function unknown; affects onset of puberty
Term
serotonin
Definition
a neurotransmitter that serves as the precursor to melatonin
Term
pituitary gland, hypophysis
Definition
located at the base of the brain, the anterior pituitary secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melanocyte- stimulating hormone, growth hormone, and prolactin; the posterior pituitary releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
Term
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Definition
stimulates secretion from thvroid sland
Term
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Definition
stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex
Term
FSH
Definition
initiates growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates secretion of estrogen in females and sperm production in males
Term
LH
Definition
causes or,ulation; stimulates secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum; causes secretion of testosterone in testes
Term
melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Definition
affects skin pigmentation
Term
growth hormone (GH)
Definition
influences growth
Term
prolactin (lactogenic hormone)
Definition
stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy
Term
ADH
Definition
influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules
Term
oxytocin
Definition
influences uterine contraction
Term
testes
Definition
located one on each side within the scrotum ln the male, functioning to secrete testosterone
Term
testosterone
Definition
affects masculinization and reproduction
Term
thymus gland
Definition
located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart, functioning to secrete thymosin
Term
thymosin
Definition
regulates immune response
Term
thyroid gland
Definition
located in front of the neck, functioning to secrete triiodothyronine and calcitonin
Term
triiodothyronine
Definition
known as the thyroid hormones; regulate metabolism
Term
calcitonin
Definition
regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
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