Term
|
Definition
| A precise, positive quantity, that expresses changes in concentration of reactants and products with time |
|
|
Term
T/F: Concentrations change at the same rates in a balanced chemical reaction
|
|
Definition
| F: Depends on coefficents in equation |
|
|
Term
| Signs for products and reactants in a balanced chemical equation |
|
Definition
Reactants are negative(-)
Products are positive(+) |
|
|
Term
Δ[]
Change in concentration
Units? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: Rate expression must be determined experimentially |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: Rate constant (k) is directly proportional to temperature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time required for one half of reactant concentration to form product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Minimum energy molecules must possess for effective collisions
- Transition barrier between reactants and products
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ln k2/ln k1=Ea/R (1/T1-1/T2)
R=?
T2=? |
|
Definition
R= 8.31 J/mol
T2= Higher temperature |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Reaction rate constants double with 10º rise in temp |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Accelerates reaction rate without being consumed
- Lowers Ea and increases reaction rate by altering reaction mechanism(or sequence of steps)
|
|
|
Term
| T/F: Rate of reaction decreases with time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Purpose of a Catalytic Converter
(In Automobiles) |
|
Definition
Precious metals (Pt,Pd,Rh) catalyze hetereogenous phase reaction
Automobile--->CO2+N2
Exhaust |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Highly specific biomolecules with extraordinary reaction rates, precise structure and size consisting of amino acids |
|
|
Term
Example of a Enzyme
Alcohol Dehydrogenase
|
|
Definition
- Rapid Reaction with Ethanol forming CH3CHO
- Reacts slowly with Methanol forming HCHO
- HCHO Reacts with eye-proteins causing blindness
- Slowly reacts with Ethylene Glycol(Sweet Tasting) BUT, Metabolism forms oxalic acid (poisons kidneys)
|
|
|
Term
Definition of
Reaction Mechanism |
|
Definition
| A sequence of steps by which a reaction occurs at a molecular level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Individual steps that constitute a reaction mechanism
Ex: Unimolecular- A-->B+C;Rate=k[A]
Bimolecular A+B-->C+D;Rate=k[A][B] |
|
|
Term
| Rate of an Elementary Step= |
|
Definition
| k•Concentration of each reactant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called rate determining step; equals overall rate of reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Chemical Substance that is produced and consumed during the reaction
- NOT expressed in rate expressions or balanced chemical reactions
|
|
|
Term
| T/F: Rate expression does not matter about coefficents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rate Expression: Rate=k
Half Life: t1/2=[A]0/2k
Conc. Time Relation: [A]0-[A]=kt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rate Expression: Rate=k[A]
Half Life: t1/2=0.693/k
Conc. Time Relation: ln[A]0-ln[A]=kt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rate Expression: Rate=k[A]2
Half Life: t1/2=1/k[A]0
Conc. Time Relation: 1/[A]-1/[A]0=kt |
|
|
