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Ch 10.1 - Nervous System
Anatomical Terms; do reverse side first
27
Classics
Undergraduate 2
10/15/2009

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Term
central nervous system (CNS)
Definition
brain and spinal cord
Term
brain
Definition
portion of the CNS contained within the cranium
Term
cerebrum
Definition
largest portion of the brain, divided into right and left halves known as cerebral hemispheres that are connected by a bridge or nerve fibers called the corpus callsum
Term
frontal lobe
Definition
anterior section of each cerebral hemisphere responsible for voluntary muscle movement and personality
Term
parietal lobe
Definition
portion posterior to the frontal love, responsible for sensations such as pain and touch
Term
temporal lobe
Definition
portion that lies below the frontal lobe, responsible for hearing taste and smell
Term
occipital lobe
Definition
portion posterior to the parietal and temporal lobes, vision
Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
outer layer of the cerebrum consisting of gray matter, responsible for higher mental functions
Term
thalamus
Definition
two gray matter nuclei deep within the brain, responsible for relaying sensory info to the cortex
Term
gyri
Definition
raised mounds of cerebral cortex
Term
sulci
Definition
ditch, shallow grooves that separate gyri
Term
fissures
Definition
splitting crack, deep grooves within the brain
Term
cerebellum
Definition
portion of the brain located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum, control skeletal muscles
Term
brainstem
Definition
region of the brain that serves as a relay between the entire brain, responsible for breathing, heart rate, and body temp. Three levels: mesencephalon (midbrain), pons, and medulla oblongata
Term
ventricles
Definition
series of interconnected cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem filled with CSF
Term
CSF
Definition
plasma like clear fluid circulating in around the brain and spinal cord
Term
spinal cord
Definition
column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebra, nerve conduction to and from brain and body
Term
meninges
Definition
three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consists of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid
Term
PNS
Definition
nerves that branch from the CNS, including the spinal cord
Term
cranial nerves
Definition
12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain
Term
spinal nerves
Definition
31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord
Term
sensory nerves
Definition
nerves that conduct impulses from body parts and carry sensory information to the brain, afferent nerves
Term
motor nerves
Definition
nerves that conduct motor impulses from the brain to muscles and glands, efferent nerves
Term
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Definition
nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
control center for the autonomic nervous system located below the thalamus (diencephalon)
Term
sympathetic nervous system
Definition
division of the ANS concerned primarily with preparing the body in stressful or emergency situations
Term
parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
division of the ANS that is most active in ordinary conditions; it counterbalances the effects of the sympathetic system by restoring the body to a restful state after a stressful experience
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