Term
| What is the difference between a disperson and a solution? |
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Definition
| Solutions are mixtures at the molecular leverl whereas dispersions are mixtures at the particulate level |
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Term
Definition
Solid of liquid that is dissolved in another liquid
Usually <50% of the solution |
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Definition
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Term
Definition
Liquid containing the solute. |
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Definition
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Term
Definition
solvent or solution used to dispense the drug |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Concentration of solutions is desribed as ratio of SOLVENT to SOLUTE |
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Definition
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Term
What is molarity?
Molality?
Mole fraction? |
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Definition
Molarity: mole solute/L solution
Molality: moles solute/kg solvent
Mole fraction: ratio of moles of solute to total moles in solution |
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Term
What are the different aqueos solutions?
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Definition
Aromatic Waters
Mouthwashes
Syrups
Nasal Solutions
Otic Solutions |
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Term
Type of Syrup
a) contains menthol, used as a vehicle
b) vitamins, antihistamine
c) 85% w/v of table sugar |
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Definition
a) flavored syrup
b) medicated syrup
c) simple |
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Term
Aqueous / non aqueous
a) Elixir
b) Mouthwash
c) Otic soln
d) Liniments
e) Colloidons |
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Definition
a) Elixir- non
b) Mouthwash-aqu
c) Otic soln-aqu
d) Liniments-non
e) Colloidons-non |
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Term
T/F
Liniments are only used externally |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the solvents and vehicles? |
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Definition
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Term
Because of its_____, water can dissolve ionic compounds
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Definition
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Term
| What is a dielectric constant? |
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Definition
Effectivenes of a medium to keep charged particles apart relative to a vacuum |
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Term
| What are the properties of water that make is such a great solvent? |
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Definition
High Dielectric constant
Highly ordered
Contains most intermolecular forces of attraction
(Hbonding, Van der Waal's) |
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Term
Type of Water
a) deionized water, may be used for non-sterile purpose
b) unsuitable for pharm. purposes, contains bicrbonates and Sulfates of Ca and Mg |
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Definition
a) Purified Water
b) Hard Water |
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Term
Type of Water
a) distilling hard or soft water, some volatile organic matter may still be present
b) Removal of bicarbonates and sulfates, but still unsuitable for pharm. purposes |
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Definition
a) Distilled water
b) Soft/Deionized water |
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Term
Types of Water
a) microbes destroyed but toxins may be present, not suitable for injection, but used in opthalmics
b) used for small volume parenterals, contains preservatives |
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Definition
a) Sterile Water
b) Bacteriostatic Water for Injection |
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Term
Type of Water
a) may be used for large volume parenterals, should NOT contain preservatives
b) May be used for small volume parenterals, should contain preservatives |
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Definition
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Term
List the types of alcohols and speficiy which are for external use only
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Definition
Ethanol
Glycerol
Propylene Glycol
Methanol (ext)
Propanolol (ext) |
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Term
What are the ketones used for solvents?
Can they be used internally or externally?
What are the used for? |
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Definition
Acetone, Methyl Isobutyl ketone
External use only
Gums and Resins |
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Term
What does it mean to be a colligative property?
What are the colligative properties |
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Definition
Not pertaining to weight
BP elevation
Freezing point depression
Osmotic Pressure |
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Term
What is BP?
What effect does lowering vapor pressure have on BP?
The extent of elevation is proportional to____
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Definition
BP is the temp at which vapor press=external pressure
Lowering vapor pressure raises BP
proportional to molality
ΔT= Kbm |
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Term
| Lowering of Vapor Pressure results in _____of freezing point. |
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Definition
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Term
What is the van't Hoff equation?
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Definition
∏ V= nRT
∏= osmotic presure
V= Volume of solution L
n= number of moles of solute
R= gas constant 0.082
T= abs temp |
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