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Central Nervous system stimulants
chapter 19
36
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 4
09/22/2009

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Term
What are central nervous system drus limited to the treatment of?
Definition
ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity and reversal of respiratory distress. 
Term
What are the marjor group of CNS stimulants?
Definition
amphetamines, caffeine,  and anorexiants
Term
What do amphetamines and caffeine do?
Definition
They stimulate the cerebral cortex of the brain
Term
what do analeptics and caffeine do?
Definition
they act on the brainstem and medulla to stimulate respiration
Term
what do anorexiants do?
Definition
the act to some degree on the cerebral cortex and on the hypothalamus to suppress appetite.
Term
What do amphetamines stimulate the release of?
Definition
The nuerotransimitters norepinephrine and dopamine from the brain and sympathetic nervous system. 
Term
What do amphetamines ordinarily cause?
Definition
euphoria and alertness but they can also cause sleeplessness, restlessness, tremors and irritability
Term
what has adderall, desedrine and desoxyn often prescribed for in some children?
Definition
ADHD
Term
What are ritalin and folcalin used for?
Definition
they are used to increase a child's attention span and cognitive performance and decrease impulsiveness, hyeractivity and restlessness. 
Term
what can ritalin also be used to treat besides ADHD?
Definition
narcolepsy
Term
What is provigil perscribed for
Definition
narcolepsy
Term
What is the most frequently prescribed drug to treat ADHD?
Definition
methylphenidate. 
Term
What is the main purpose of anorexiants
Definition
they are used as an appetite suppressant. 
Term
pathophysiologically, what is a migrane?
Definition
it is an inflammation ad dilation of the lood vessels in the cranium. 
Term
what are cluster headaches chacharcterized by?
Definition
a severe unilateral nonthrobbing pain usually located around he eye. 
Term
what is ADHD?
Definition
inattentiveness, inability to concentrate, reslessness, hyperactivity, inability to complete tasks and impulsivity
Term
What  does hyperkinesis?
Definition
It is a another name for ADHD
Term
what are the drugs that are used to treat obesity?
Definition
anorexiants such as dexedrine, dospan, tenuate, tepani, meridia, mazanor, sanorex, fastin, ionamin, zantryl, adipex-P and Xenical. 
Term
what is the patho of ADHD?
Definition
Disregulation of transmitters serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine
Term
When does ADHD usually occur?
Definition
it usually occurs in children before age 7 and is more common in boys.
Term
What does amphetamines stimulate the release of?
Definition
Norepi and dopamine
Term
What are the uses of amphetamines in narcolepsy?
Definition
It increases wakefulness
Term
what is the most common used  drug for ADHD?
Definition
Methylphenidate/ ritalin
Term
What is the use of amphentamines for ADHD?
Definition
increase attention span, cognition, decrease hyperactivity, impulsivness and restlessness
Term
what are some of the side effects/adverse reactions of Amphetamines?
Definition
tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, sleeplessness, reltlessness, anorexia, dry mouth, weight loss, diarrhea, constipation, impotence and thrombocytopenia (decreased plattlets)
Term
what are some
Definition
Term
what are some nursing interventions for Ritalin?
Definition
give before breakfast and lunch, report irregular heart beat ect
Term
What are analeptics used for?
Definition
To keep you awake
Term
What are migraines caused from?
Definition
they are thought to be cause by inflammation and dilation of blood vessels.  It is an imbalance of serotonin.
Term
what are some characteristics of migraine and cluster headaches?
Definition
unilateral throbbing bail disrupting ADLs
Associated with aura, nausea, vomiting, photophobia
Triggers: cheese, chocolate, red wine
Last for hours or days
Usually affects femalesin their 20s and 30s
Term
what are the functions of serotonin in the CNS?
Definition
 regulation of mood, appetite, sleep, muscle contraction, and some cognitive functions including memory and learning.
Term
what are the two most common drugs for migraines?
Definition
Imitrex, amerge, laxalt, zomig, axert, frova, and relpax
Term
What is an example of a beta-adreergic blocker for migraines?
Definition
propranolol (inderal)
Term
What are anticonvulsants used for migraines?
Definition
valproic acid (depakote) and Gabapentin (neurontin)
Term
What is a tricclic antidepressants for migraines?
Definition
amitriptyline (elavil)
Term
what are some other ways to manage migraines?
Definition
with analgesics, opioid analgesics, ergot alkaloids and agonists
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