Term
| Central Auditory Systems main job? |
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Definition
| Transmission and Decoding aka sound PERCEPTION |
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Term
| What 5 things make up the CAS? |
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Definition
-Auditory Nerve (V111 cranial nerve)
-Auditory Brainstem
-Auditory Midbrain
-Auditory Cortex
-Higher Order Cortex |
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Term
| describe the CAS pathway...start to finish |
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Definition
| -originates in cochle then travels through the brainstem and midbrain and arrives at the cortex |
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Term
| 2 key distinctions in the auditory nerve fibers |
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Definition
Ipsilateral Transmission
Contralateral Transmission |
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Term
| Describe Ipsalateral Transmission of Auditory Nerve Fibers |
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Definition
| -info transmitted on same side of brainstem & brain as the ear sending |
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Term
| DEscribe Contralateral Transmission of Auditory Nerve fibers |
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Definition
| -info transmitted to the opposite side of the brainstem &brain as the ear sending the signal |
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Term
| The auditory nerve is a portion of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do Auditory fibers originate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fibers in hair cells first synapse with what? |
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Definition
| special neurons called spiral ganglion |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of nerve fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fibers in hair cells first synapse with what? |
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Definition
| special neurons called spiral ganglion |
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Term
| describe type I nerve fibers |
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Definition
-originate from or innervate inner hair cells
-make up 90-95% of auditory nerve |
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Term
| describe type I nerve fibers |
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Definition
-originate from or innervate inner hair cells
-make up 90-95% of auditory nerve |
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Term
| describe type II nerve fibers |
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Definition
| oringates from or innervate outer hair cells |
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Term
| distinction (2 types) of nerve fibers |
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Definition
| Afferent fibers vs. Efferent fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| -send sensory singlas away from cochlea to brain |
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Term
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Definition
| -send info from brain back down to cochlea |
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Term
| The Auditory Brainstem/Midbrain is made up of what 5 things? |
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Definition
1. Cochlear Nucleus
2.Superior Olivary Complex
3. Nucleus of the Lateral Lemniscus
4. Inferior Colliculus
5. Medial Geniculate of the Thalamus |
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Term
| What is the brainstem/midbrain primary responsible for? |
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Definition
decoding "low level" info about sound
ex: localization |
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Term
| What does decussate mean and what does it refer to? |
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Definition
Auditory nerve fibers traveling through the brainstem/midbrain do this.
-it means to cross over from ipsalateral->contralateral stimulation at multiple locations in the brainstem |
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Term
| Where does the auditory cortex lie? |
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Definition
-in the temporal love
(each hemisphere has one) |
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Term
| how many layers does the auditory cortex have? |
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Definition
| 6 layers that contain different cell/fiber types that encode and transmit different info to different parts of the brain |
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Term
| Where is tonotopic organization maintained? |
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Definition
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Term
| what 3 aspects of signal need to be conveyed to the brain about speech sound? |
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Definition
| Frequency, Intensity (dB level), Timing |
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Term
| how does brain know which frequencies are in the sound? |
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Definition
| by WHERE in the CAS neurons are firing |
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Term
| T/F: Tonotopic Organization is maintained throughout the AS from cochlea to Auditory Cortex? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Intensity (amplitude) encoded? |
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Definition
| the number of neurons firing and by the rate at which they do |
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Term
| how does the brain know the relative amplitude (intensity) of a sound? |
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Definition
| by how many neurons fire and how fast they fire |
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Term
| Timing info is conveyed when.. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
separates detailed info about sound
ex: when vocal chords vibrate when speaking |
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