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cellular structures
simpson middle school science flashcards
31
Science
7th Grade
10/30/2013

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Term
cell membrane
Definition
function: controls ehat enters and leaves the cell
Term
cell wall
Definition
protects and supports cells
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
jelly like substance surrounding organelles
Term
nucleus
Definition
controls all cell activities called brain of the cell
Term
chromosomes
Definition
coiled strand of DNA inside the nuclus
Term
centriole
Definition
controls movment of chromosomes during cell divison
Term
ribosomes
Definition
makes protein by joining amino acids
Term
ER
Definition

makes lipids

breacks down drugs

acts as internal delivery system

Term
mitochondrian
Definition
breacks down food to realse energy atp through cellular rispiration
Term
chloroplast
Definition
changes energy into sugar (food) through photosynthesis
Term
golgi complex
Definition

puts finidhing touches on proteins and lipids

puts them into vesicals to send to another part of the cell or out of the cell

Term
vesical
Definition
a sac of membranes that delivers materials throught the cell
Term
vacuole
Definition
stores variety of materials and water (in plants)- supports plant leaves
Term
lysosome
Definition
digestion of materials or old worn-out orgenalles
Term
imporant in formation cell membrane
Definition
mode of phopholipids elastic and flexiable
Term
imporant in formation cell wall
Definition
made of cellulose nonliving
Term
imporant in formation cytoplasm
Definition
contains raw materials cell uses to make compounds or sturctures
Term
imporant in formation nuclus
Definition

contains DNA largest orgenlle

 

Term
imporant in formation chromosomes
Definition
46 chromosomes in each human cell if uncoiled, they are called chromatin
Term
imporant in formation centriole
Definition
two bundles of mitochondria
Term
imporant in formation ribosomes
Definition
smallest organlle most abundent organelle only organelle not covered by a membrane
Term
imporant in formation ER
Definition
network of membranes throughout the cell rough ER has ribosomes attaced while smooth ER does not
Term
imporant in formation mitochondrian
Definition

has two membranes

has its own dna

Term
imporant in formation chloroplast
Definition

has chlorophyll- a green pigment that absorves sunglight has 2 membranes

has its own dna

Term
imporant in formation golgi complex
Definition
stack of membranes
Term
imporant in formation vesicle
Definition
a peice of membrane that breaks off the golgi complex or ER
Term
imporant in formation vaculoe
Definition
small ones in animal cells big ones in plant cells
Term
imporant in formation lysosome
Definition
contains enzymes
Term
only in plants
Definition
cell wall,chloroplast
Term
only in animal cells
Definition
centriole, lysosome
Term
both animal and plant cells
Definition
cell membrane, cytoplasm, nuclues, cromosomes, ribosomes, ER, mitochondrian, gogli complex, vesical, vacule
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