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cellular structure
pg 69-82
48
Biology
9th Grade
11/18/2015

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Term
Cytology
Definition


  • study of cells
Term
Cell
Definition
  • basic unit of all living things
Term
Protoplasm
Definition
  • all living substances within a cell
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
  • theory that all living organisms are made of microscopic units called cells
Term
Unicellular Organism
Definition
  • organism made of one cell
Term
Multicellular Organism
Definition
  • organism made of more than one cell
Term
Colonial Organism
Definition
  • collection of similar cells working together each cell functions like a unicellular organism
Term
Tissue
Definition
  • group of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function
Term
Organ
Definition
  • several types of tissues working together to perform a specific function
Term
Organ System
Definition
  • group of organs working together to perform a specific function
Term
Cell Junction
Definition
  • chemical interaction between two chemicals
Term
Plasmodesmata
Definition
  • tiny passage ways that connect cytoplasm
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
  • having membranebound nucleus and other specialized structures called organelles in the cytoplasm
Term
Organelle
Definition
  • structure in cytoplasmic stucture that performs a special functions in the cells
Term
Prokaryotic
Definition
  • lacks membrane around nucleous contains only non-membrane bound organells
Term
Plasma Membrane
Definition
  • serves as the outermost boundary of the cell
Term
Fluid Mosaic Model
Definition
  • model describing cellular membranes as being composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins scattered throughout the membrain
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
  • rigid structure manufactured by cells located out side plasma membrane 
Term
Capsule
Definition
  • a cellular secretion surrounding certain algae and bacteria
Term
Cytoplasmic Matrix
Definition
  • Colloid portin of the cytoplasm
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
  • power hoouse
Term
Cristae
Definition
  • the folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
  • cellular structure consisting of a complex network of fine branching tubules
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
  • non membrane bound organell found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
  • appears as flattened curcved membrane-covered sacs
Term
Lysomes
Definition
  • small irregularly shaped membrane-bound organells filled with digestive enzymes
Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
  • microscopic system of fibers
Term
Centrosome
Definition
  • region located near nucleus that is important in the production of microtubules in the cytoskeleton
Term
Flagellum
Definition
  • whip like tail
Term
Cilia
Definition
  • short hair extensions that aid in movement
Term
Basal Body
Definition
  • function to control and cordinate the movement of cilia or flagellum
Term
Microtubules
Definition
  • thickest components of cytoskeleton
Term
Centrioles
Definition
  • organell composed of microtubules and located near nucleus
Term
Intermediate filaments
Definition
  • form a network throughout cytoplasm and the nucleus 
Term
Microfilaments
Definition
  • thinnest of the cytoskeleton elements
Term
Plastids
Definition
  • found in cells of plants algae and a few other organisms
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
  • green organell in which light energy is converted into organic compounds
Term
Thylakoids
Definition
  • complex system of flattened sacs
Term
Grana
Definition
  • sacs arraged into stacks of thylakoids
Term
Vacuoles
Definition
  • membrane bound organell in cell
Term
Vesicles
Definition
  • smaller then a vacuole
Term
Nuclear Envelope
Definition
  • double membrane that completely surrounds nucleous
Term
Nuclear Pores
Definition
  • envolope has opening
Term
Turgor Pressure
Definition
  • water pressure
Term
Chromatin Material
Definition
  • a complex of DNA and surrounding proteins in the nuclous of material
Term
Nuclous 
Definition
  • control center
Term
nucleus
Definition
control center
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
material inside plasma membrane of cell excluding nucleus
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