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cellular structure
pg 69-82
48
Biology
9th Grade
11/17/2015

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Term

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cytology

Definition
the study of cells
Term

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cells

Definition
the functional and structural unit of life
Term
[image]protoplasm
Definition
all the living substances within a cell
Term

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cell theory

Definition
the theory that all  living organisms are made up of microscopic units called cells
Term

unicellular organisms

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Definition
an organism that consists of only one cell
Term

multicellular organism

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Definition
an organism that consists of more than one cell
Term

colonial organism

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Definition
an organism thta consists of a group of similar organisms living together. each cell functions like a unicellular organisms
Term

tissue

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Definition
many similar cells grouped together to perform a similar function
Term

organs

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Definition
tissues grouped together to perform a special function
Term
[image]organ system
Definition
a group of organs that work together to accomplish life functions
Term

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cell junctions

Definition
the chemical between the cellsformed during the chemical interactions
Term
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Definition
the passage ways that connect the cytoplasm cells
Term
eukaryotic[image]
Definition
a cell that posses both organelles and a nucleus that is surrounded by a nuclear membrane
Term
[image]organelle
Definition
specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function
Term
prokaryotic
Definition
a cell that lacks a nuclear membrane and has only instict organelles, found in kingdoms archaebacteria and eubacteria
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
the cellular that forms the outermost boundary of a cells cytoplasm and also inclosed the membrane bound organelles within the cells
Term
fluuid mosaic model
Definition
a model desribing cellular membrane as being composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins scattered throughout the membrane
Term
cell wall
Definition
a rigid structure manufactured by the cell, locatedout side the plasma membrane, often made cellulose, silica or other substances
Term
capsule
Definition
a cellular secretion surrounding certian algae and bacteria
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
all the material inside the plasma membrane of a cell, excluding the nucleus
Term
cytoplasmic matrix
Definition
the colloid portion of the cytoplasm
Term
mitochondria
Definition
membrane-bound cellular organellesresponisible for the respiration of foodds to release usable energy
Term
cristae
Definition
the folds in the inner membrane of the microchondia contians enzymes necessary for cellular respiration
Term
ribosome
Definition
a non-membrane-bound cellsular associated with protein formation
Term
edoplasmic recticulum
Definition
a cellular structure consisting of a complex network of fine branching tubules
Term
golgi apparatus
Definition
packaging proteins
Term
lysosomes
Definition
filled with dejestive enzymes
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
the microscopic system of fibers
Term
centrosome
Definition
a region located near the nucleus
Term
flagellum
Definition
long tubular extenstion of the the plasma membrane
Term
cilia
Definition
hairs that transport cells
Term
basal body
Definition
control and coordinate the movemants of cilia of flagella
Term
microtubules
Definition
thickest of the cytoskeletons components and are very important
Term
centroiles
Definition
an organelle composed of micro tubules and located near the nucleus doubles before the cell divisionto establish the poles
Term
intermediate filaments
Definition
forms a network throughout the cytoplasmand the nucleus
Term
microfilaments
Definition
the thinnest of the exoskeleton element
Term
plastids
Definition
membrane bound organellefound in plants not animals
Term
chloroplast
Definition
green organelle in which light energy if converted into organic compounds
Term
thyakloids
Definition
a complex system of flattened sacs
Term
grana
Definition
thyakloids arranged into stacks
Term
vacuoles
Definition
membrane bound organelle in a cell
Term
vesciles
Definition
membrane bound organelles
Term
turgor pressure
Definition
cellular fullness caused by the water pressure
Term
nuclear envelope
Definition
a double membrane that is completely sourounds the nucleus
Term
nucleus
Definition
control center of a cell
Term
nuclear pores
Definition
openings in a nuclear envelope
Term
chromatin material
Definition
a complex  of dna and surrounding protiens in the nucleus of a cell
Term
nucleolus
Definition
dark staning spherical sructure found in most cells
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