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| The term used to describe a cell that does not have a nucleus in which to store its genetic material (e.g. bacteria) |
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| The term used to describe a cell with an enclosed mucleus in which the cell stores genetic material (e.g., plants, fungi, animals, humans). |
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| A structure within a cell that performs a specific function. |
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| The external structure that houses the cell contents and regulates what travels into and out of the cell by way of many different proteins that act as gates, channels, or pumps, composed of a phospholipid bilayer. |
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| The fluid that fills the cell; allows the nutrients adn building blocks to circulate within the cell. |
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| The largest of the organelles; contains the cell;s genetic material, including DNA, chromosomes, genes and RNA. |
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| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
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| Genetic "master plan" or "blueprint" for the body; contains the genetic information of the cell; assumes the shape of a double helix. |
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| Threadlike structures made up of DNA; the DNA in the human cell is divided into 23 pairs of chromosomes. |
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| Segments of chromosomes that carry the genetic code for a specific protein. |
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| A single-stranded molecule; transfers the genetic information to be translated from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the cell. |
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| Organelles responsible for reading or decoding RNA and using the information to synthesize (assemble) necessary proteins. |
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| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
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| A network of tubules in the cytoplasm responsible for collecting the proteins manufactured by the ribosomes and then packaging and shipping the proteins to various areas of the cell. |
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| Endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes bound to its surface; many proteins secreted by the cell are produced here. |
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| Endoplasmic reticulum tha tlacks ribosomes bound to its surface; many enzymes that synthesize important lipids and steroids are contained here. |
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| The center for storing, sorting,, modifying and delivering the products of ribosomes adn the endoplasmic reticulum, particularly products to be secreted by the cell (e.g. mucus). |
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| The organelles responsible for taking energy out of sugars, fats, and other fuels and transferring it to the bonds that hold the adenosine triphosphate molecule together; often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. |
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| A small bag or pocket of digestive enzymes in the cell that is used to digest cells and organelles that are either foreign or damaged. |
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| Small, spindle-like organelles that supervise cell division; aid in distributing the DNA evenly into the two daughter cells that result when the parent cell divides. |
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| Hairlike protrusions from teh cell membrane used for moving substances (e.g. mucus, fluids) around the cell. |
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| A tail-like projection on the cell membrane used for cell motility, as on sperm cells. |
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| A tail-like projection on the cell membrane used for cell motility, as on sperm cells. |
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| The process of cell division in which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells. |
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| A measure of the strength of concentration of a solution. |
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| A solution with a higher concentraiton of solute. |
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| A solution with the same concentration of solute. |
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| A solution with a lower concentration of solute. |
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| Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration to reach a uniform concentration. |
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| Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. |
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| The pressure created from a solvent, such as water, diffusing across a semipermeable membrane. |
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