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Cellular adaptations
general veterinary pathology
8
Pathology
Professional
03/13/2012

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Cards

Term
cellular adaptations (types)
Definition
1.atrophy
2.hypertrophy
3.hypoplasia
4.aplasia/agenesis
5.atresia
6.hyperplasia
7.dysplasia
8.metaplasia
9.hamartoma
Term
cellular adaptations:

atrophy
Definition
an organ, tissue or cell that is smaller than normal because the size of the individual cells have decreased. It was once normal then decreased in size.
Term
cellular adaptations:

hypertrophy
Definition
(remember Arnold's trophy)

an increase in the size of a tissue, or organ due to the increase in size of the individual cells. Hypertrophy may be physiological(response to increased demand) or pathological(response to disease).
Term
cellular adaptations:

hypoplasia, aplasia and atresia
Definition
hypoplasia- incomplete growth of a tissue or organ.
Aplasia- absence of a tissue
atresia- absence of a lumen
Term
cellular adaptations:

hyperplasia
Definition
an increase in the size of a tissue or organ due to the increase in number of individual cells. Can coincide with hypertrophy, distinction is made histologically. decribed using an adjective ex. gallbladder hyperplasia
Term
cellular adaptations:

dysplasia
Definition
a lack of normal histological architecture of a tissue or organ. Can be developmental or neoplastic
Term
cellular adaptations:

metaplasia
Definition
acquisition by one fully differentiated cell type, of phenotypic characteristics normally associated with a different but relatd tissue type. Ex. cuboidal epithelium becoming stratified squamous epithlium. Change is usually into a more durable type in response to chronic irritation.
Term
cellular adaptation:

hamartoma
Definition
an improper mixture of tissues within an organ, usually with an excess of one cell type. ex. birthmarks
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