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Definition
| neucleolus, membrane, chromatin |
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Term
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Definition
Barrier of nucleus
Consists of a double phospholipid membrane
Contain nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell |
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Definition
Nucleus contains one or more nucleoli
Sites of ribosome production
Ribosomes then migrate to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores |
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Definition
Genetic blueprint for cellular proteins
Responds to signals and dictates kinds and amounts of proteins to be synthesized
Most cells are uninucleate
Exceptions:
Red blood cells are anucleate
Skeletal muscle cells, bone destruction cells, and some liver cells are multinucleate |
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Definition
Thread-like strands of DNA
(Invisible uncondensed and unstained)
Visible when it is in it’s Condensed form. |
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Definition
Essential for body growth and tissue repair
Does not occur in most mature cells of nervous tissue, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle |
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Definition
| is a stage of mitosis in which the chromatin condenses (it becomes shorter and fatter) into a highly ordered structure called a chromosome in which the chromatin becomes visible. |
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| the effects of prophase and prometaphase events are reversed. Two daughter nuclei form in the cell. The nuclear envelopes of the daughter cells are formed from the fragments of the nuclear envelope of the parent cell. As the nuclear envelope forms around each pair of chromatids, the nucleoli reappear. Telophase accounts for approximately 2% of the cell cycle's duration. |
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Definition
| is the phase of the cell cycle in which the cell spends the majority of its time and performs the majority of its purposes including preparation for cell division. |
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| is the phase of mitosis following prophase and preceding metaphase, in eukaryotic somatic cells. The nuclear envelope breaks into fragments and disappears. Microtubules emerging from the centrosomes at the poles (ends) of the spindle reach the chromosomes, now highly condensed. At the centromere region, each sister chromatid has a protein structure called a kinetochore. Some of the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores, throwing the chromosomes into agitated motion. Other spindle microtubules make contact with microtubules coming from opposite pole. Forces exerted by protein "motors" associated with spindle microtubules move the chromosomes toward the center of the cell. |
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Definition
| separating of the nucleus |
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| the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. |
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Definition
Converts base sequence of nucleic acids into the amino acid sequence of proteins
Based on the Genetic Code |
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| Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms |
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Definition
| Ribonucleic acid; one of the three major macromolecules (along with DNA and proteins) that are essential for all known forms of life.made up of a long chain of components called nucleotides (SINGLE STRANDED). Each nucleotide consists of a nucleobase (sometimes called a nitrogenous base), a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group; similar to that of DNA, with two differences: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine. |
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Term
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Definition
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Tranfer RNA |
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Definition
| a molecule of RNA encoding a chemical "blueprint" for a protein product. |
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Definition
| the transfer of information from the DNA base sequence to a complementary base sequence of a mRNA molecule |
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Definition
| the information carried by mRNA is decoded and used to create polypeptides |
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Definition
| 10 or more united amino acids |
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