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Four Concepts of cell theory
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| 1)A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. So when you define cell properties you are in fact defining the properties of life. |
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Four Concepts of cell theory
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| 2) The activity of an organism depends on both the individual and the collective activities of its cells. |
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Four Concepts of cell theory
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| 3)According to the principle of complementarity of structure and function, the biochemical activities of cells are dictated by the relative number of their specific subcellular structures. |
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Four Concepts of cell theory
Concept 4 |
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| 4) Continuity of life from one generation to another has a cellular basis. |
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"Cell Center" near nucleus
Function: a region near the nucleus which contains paired organelles called centriole. Act as generating microtuble and organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division. |
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spherical membranous sace of digestive enzyme packed by Golgi apparatus. Sites of inrtacellular digestion.
Function: they degrade worn-out organelles and tissues that are no longer useful, ingest bacteria, viruses and toxins. |
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the cellular material between plasma membrane and nucleus. Site where most cellular activities are accomplished. Consists of 3 elements:
1) Cystosol (water, salt and sugar)
2) Cytoplasmic Organelles (metabolic machinery of cell)
3) Inclusions (Chemical substance that may or may not be present depending on cell type) |
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| occurs before cell division ensuring that both daughter cells have identical genes. The DNA helix uncoils and each DNA nucleotide strand acts as a template for the formation of a complementary strand. |
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| How is the membrane potential maintained in a resting state? |
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| diffusion causes ionic imbalances that polarize the membrane, and active transport processes maintain that membrane potential. |
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| The concentration inside and out of the cell are the same. No effect on cell |
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| The outside solution has a higher concentration of solute than the cell. Water leaves the cell in an effort to dilute the outside solution. This causes cells to shrink. |
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| The solution outside the cell has lower concentration of solutes than the solution inside the cell. Water moves from the outside solution into the cell in an attempt to dilute the concentration in the cell. This causes the cell to sell or burst. |
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| Impermeable junctions prevent molecules from passing through the intercellular space. |
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| anchoring junctions bind adjacent cells together and help form an internal tension-reducing network of fibers |
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| Communicating junctions allow ions and small molecules to pass from one cell to the next for intercellular communication. |
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substances cross the plasma membrane without any energy input from the cell. Two main types of passive processes are Diffusion & Filtration.
Diffusion: the tendency of molecules or ions to move from an area where they are in higher concentration to an area where they are in lower concentration.
Filtration or Osmosis: a simple diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
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| Which structures help to increase the absorption and to increase surface area for increased absorption? |
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| When a person is anemic, his bone marrow undergoes hyperplasia or accelerated growth, so that the red blood cells are produced at a faster rate. If the anemia is remedied, the excessive marrow activity ceases. |
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