-smallest unit

-performs all the processes necessary for life

-covered by a membrane

-has DNA and cytoplasm

Robert Hooke

he built a microscope to look at tiny objects that later became known as cells

- 50 cells can fit on the dot of the i of your paper

- Most cells are small because they take in food and get rid of waste

- to small to be seen without a microscope

1. all organisms are made of one or more cells

2. the cell is the basic unit of all living things

3. all cells come from existing cells

1.a protective layer that covers the cell and acts as a barrier

2. it separates the cell's contents (stuff inside the cell) from its environment

3. controls the material going in & out of the cell

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

1. Genetic material that carries informtion needed to make new cells & organisms

2. passed from parent cells to new cells

3. controls the activities of the cells

Nucleus

in a eukaryotic cell

Prokaryotic cells - cells with no nucleus

 Eukaryotic cells - cells with a nucleus

1. Eubacteria

2. Archaebacteria

1. most common prokaryotes

2.live everywhere

3. have DNA (shaped like a rubber band)

4. have ribosomes (makes proteins)

5. strong web like exterior (helps retain its shape)

6. bacterium's cell membrane is inside the cell wall/together they allow materials in & out of the cell

7. live in the soil & water

8. others live in or other organisms (can be found on your teeth & skin, also in your digestive system - helps to digest food)

cell walls & ribosomes are different from the cells walls & ribsomes of other organisms

three types

1. heat-loving

2. salt-loving

3. methane -making

an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi

do not include archaebacteria & eubacteria

can be single-celled or multicellular

1. all cells have a cell membrane

2. a protective barrier that encloses a cell

3. contains proteins, lipids, and phospholipids

1. hydrophobic - water fearing

2. hydrophillic - water loving

1. made up of protein fibers

2. acts as both a muscle & a skeleton

3. keeps the cell membrane from collapsing

4. help some cells to move

1. cells organelle composed of RNA & protein the site of protein synthesis

2. proteins are made of amino acids

3. all cells need proteins to live - all cells have ribosomes

1. A system of folded membranes found in the cell's cytoplasm

2. Assists in the production (making of), processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.

3. Two types -

smooth does not have ribosomes 

 rough is covered with ribosomes

1. "Powerhouse of the cell"

2. site of cellular respiration

3. sugar is broken down to produce energy (ATP)

1. organelles found in plants & algae in which photosynthesis takes place

2. uses the energy of sunlight to make food

3. contain chlorophyll - a green pigment that traps the sunlight which is used to make sugar

Helps package materials to be sent out of the cell

Looks like smooth ER

Processes proteins and move proteins to where they are needed

Small cavity or sac that holds materials in a Eukaryotic Cell.

move material within a cell

A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.

It's responsible for digestion within the cell

A large vesicle in plant and fungal cell that sometimes acts like large lysosomes. (Only found in plant cells)

Stores water and other materials

Level 1.

Made of many cells. 

Multi-celluar organisms are  larger in size, have longer life, and each cell has a specific job.

Level 2.

A group of similar cells that form a common function.

Level 3.

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body.

Level 4. 

A group of organs that work together for certain functions.

Each organ system has a specific job to do in the body.

Level 5. 

 A living thing. 

 Anything that can carry out a life process independently (by itself).

1. The arrangment of parts in an organism.

2. The shape of a part and the material of which the part is made

The special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part.

It's the job

Level 1 - Cell

Level 2 -  Tissue

Level 3 -  Organ

Level 4 - Organ System

Level 5 - Organism