Term
| Water makes up what % of cell weight? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
New Hampshire COPS
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Phosphorous
Sulfur |
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Term
| Micronutrients are mostly what kind of elements? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 5 Micronutrients |
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Definition
Some Men Can't Control Pussy
Sodium
Magnesium
Calcium
Chloride
Potassium |
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Term
| Microminerals are also known as what kind of elements? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the Microminerals (trace elements) |
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Definition
Zoo's In Central Florida Closed In Cold October
Zinc
Iron
Chromium
Fluoride
Cobalt
Iodine
Copper
Others |
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Term
| Proteins are composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nucleic Acids are composed of ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Polysaccharides are composed of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipids are associated with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| each addition of a molecule in the synthesis of macromolecules releases what? |
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Definition
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Term
the process by which macromolecules synthesize ?
opposite of this is called what? |
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Definition
condensation or dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis
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Term
| macromolecule synthesis must have what 2 reactive elements on molecule |
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Definition
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Term
Components of macromolecule synthesis must be what?
What does this require? |
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Definition
activated
requires energy |
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Term
| components of macromolecule synthesis are attached to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many amino acids are found in cellular proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| Amino acids and polypeptides are examples of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| carbon atom in an amino acid is bonded to what ? |
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Definition
Hydrogen plus :
amine (amino group)
carboxyl group
variable side chain (R) |
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Term
Amino acids are linked by what type of bond?
be specific |
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Definition
| type of covalent bond called peptide bond |
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Term
| peptide bond is formed by what 2 groups? |
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Definition
amine group of 1 amino acid
carboxyl group of other amino acid |
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Term
| peptide bond exhibits what kind of bond character? |
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Definition
| partial double bond character |
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Term
| what makes a peptide bond so rigid? |
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Definition
| resists rotation around the bond |
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Term
| process of protein synthesis is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| single/multiple polypeptides |
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Term
| Primary Protein structure is what kind of sequence of amino acids? |
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Definition
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Term
primary protein structure is useful for what kind of analysis?
this is also known as what? |
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Definition
comparative analysis
also known as bioinformatics |
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Term
| which degree of protein structure can be used to predict higher level protein structures? |
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Definition
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Term
| in which degree of protein structure does localized folding of polypeptides into characteristic shapes? |
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Definition
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Term
| what polypeptide shapes come from secondary structure? |
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Definition
alpha helix
beta pleated sheet |
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Term
| secondary protein structure is determined by what type of bonding within the polypeptide? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| structure of a protein with known function |
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Term
| what types of motifs form from secondary protein structure? |
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Definition
hairpin loop
helix-loop-helix (HLH) |
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Term
| what degree of structure does a mature polypeptide have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| part of a protein structure which can exist independently of the rest of the chain |
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Term
| protein domains may be included in what level of protein structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| protein domains vary in what 2 things? |
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Definition
structure
amino acid composition |
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Term
| protein domains are often conferred by what? |
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Definition
| presence of specific motifs |
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Term
tertiary protein structure is determined by what
3 types of bonds and 2 types of interactions? |
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Definition
covalent (disulfide) bonds
Ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions |
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Term
| prediction of protein folding requires what? |
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Definition
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Term
interaction of multiple polypeptide subunits forms what types of proteins?
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Definition
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Term
| multimeric proteins are involved in what degree of protein structure? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2/3/4 polypeptide subunits |
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Term
| 3 structural functions of protein? |
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Definition
cytoskeletal/adhesion
motor/transport
storage |
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Term
| 3 regulatory functions of protein? |
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Definition
catalytic (enzymes)
cellular signaling
immunological |
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Term
| lipids are hydrophobic or hydrophilic? |
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Definition
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Term
| lipids are soluble in polar or nonpolar solvents? |
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Definition
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Term
| lipids are made mostly of what? |
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Definition
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Term
true or false
lipids can have polar and nonpolar regions? |
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Definition
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Term
| terpenes and steroids are examples of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| amphipathic lipids are found in ? |
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Definition
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Term
| phospholipid is made up of what? |
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Definition
2 fatty acid chains
1 phosphate group |
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Term
| Polar head of a lipid is made up of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| nonpolar tails of lipids are made of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| glycolipids are amphipathic because of what group? |
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Definition
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Term
| phosphate group in glycolipids are replaced by what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
three 6 carbon rings
one 5 carbon ring |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| cholesterol is found in ? |
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Definition
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Term
| cholesterol regulates what? |
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Definition
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Term
| cholesterol is involved in what type of signaling? |
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Definition
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Term
| source of all steroid hormones is? |
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Definition
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Term
Polysaccharides have what type of storage?
2 things this involves? |
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Definition
E storage
starch and glycogen |
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Term
| cellulose and chitin are examples of ? |
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Definition
| structural molecules in polysaccharides |
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Term
polysaccharides are made of what?
which are known as? |
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Definition
simple sugar monomers
(monosaccharides) |
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Term
| E storage polysaccharides may have what type of bonding? |
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Definition
linear alpha bonds (1 - 4)
branches alpha bonds (1 - 6) |
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Term
| structural polysaccharides contain what type of bonds? |
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Definition
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Term
| nucleic acids are polymers of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| nucleotides have what type of base? |
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Definition
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Term
2 types of purines
found in ? |
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Definition
adenine (A)
guanine (G)
DNA & RNA |
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Term
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Definition
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