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Cells and Heredity Ch 3
Interactive Science Series
21
Science
7th Grade
12/14/2016

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Term
heredity
Definition
the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring
Term
trait
Definition
specific characteristics
Term
genetics
Definition
the scientific study of heredity
Term
fertilization
Definition
The process that creates a new organism, where an egg and sperm cell join
Term
purebred
Definition
the offspring of many generations that have the same form of a trait
Term
gene
Definition
the factors that control a trait
Term
allele
Definition
the different forms of a gene
Term
dominant allele
Definition
a trait that will always show up in an organism when the allele is present
Term
recessive allele
Definition
a trait that is hidden when the dominant allele is present
Term
hybrid
Definition
an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Term
probability
Definition
a number that describes how likely it is that an even will occur
Term
Punnett square
Definition
a chart that shows all the possible ways alleles can combine in a genetic cross
Term
phenotype
Definition
physical appearance of a trait
Term
genotype
Definition
genetic makeup
Term
homozygous
Definition
an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Term
heterozygous
Definition
an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
occurs when one allele is only partially dominant
Term
codominance
Definition
occurs when both alleles for a gene are expressed equally
Term
multiple alleles
Definition
three or more possible alleles determine the trait
Term
polygenic inheritance
Definition
occurs when more that one gene affects a single trait
Term
meiosis
Definition
the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half as sex cells form
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