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Cell Structure
Parts of Cells and Their Functions
16
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
protective outer covering of all cells and regulates the interaction between the cell and its environment
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
gelatin-like material inside a cell that contains hereditary material
Term
Prokaryotic
Definition
cells without membrane-bound structures
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
cells with membrane-bound structures
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria
Term
Organelles
Definition
structures in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that move materials, act as a storage site, process energy, or manufacture substances
Term
Nucleus
Definition
organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
green, chlorophyll-containing, plant cell organelle that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen
Term
Mitochondrion
Definition
cell organelle where energy is released from breaking down food into carbon dioxide and water
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
small structure on which cells make their own protein
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Definition
it is a series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around the inside of the cell; can be rough or smooth; smooth ER is attached, but rough is not
Term
Golgi Bodies
Definition
stacked, flattened membranes that package cellular materials and transport them within or out of the cells
Term
Vacuole
Definition
membrane-bound spaces that temporarily store water, waste products, food, and other cellular materials
Term
Lysosomes
Definition
organelles that contain digestive chemicals that break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts
Term
Tissue
Definition
group of similar cells that work together to do one job
Term
Organ
Definition
structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together
EXAMPLE: your heart is made up of cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood tissue
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