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Cell Structure
Biology
31
Biology
10th Grade
11/16/2010

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Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
thin, flexible barrier around the cell
Term
Cell theory
Definition
Living things are composed of cells, basic unit of life, are reproduced by existing cells
Term
Cells
Definition
basic unit of all forms of life
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
atrong layer around cell memebrane
Term
Nucleus
Definition
large structure that contains the cells genetic material abd contols the cells actvities.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Material inside the cell membrane
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
Have cell membranes and cytoplasm but do not contain nuclei. Simple cells
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
contain nuclei have cell membrane and cytoplasm. Contains many cells.
Term
Organelles
Definition
Perform important cellular functions.
Term
Robert Hooke
Definition
Published the book Micrographia contains his drawings of sections of cork as seen through one of the first microscopes.
Term
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Definition
Observes tiny living organisms in drops of pond water throough his simple microscope
Term
Matthis Schleiden
Definition
Concludes plants are made up of cells
Term
Theodor Schwann
Definition
Concludes that all animals are made up of cells
Term
Rudolph Virchow
Definition
Proposes that all cells come from existing cells.
Term
Janet Plowe
Definition
Demonstrates that the cell membrane is a physical structure, not an interface between two liquids
Term
Lynn Margulis
Definition
Propose the theory that certain organelles, tiny structures within some cells, were once free-living cells themselves.
Term
Chromatin
Definition
granular material visible within the nucleus.
Term
chromosomes
Definition
threadlike structures containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next.
Term
nucleolus
Definition
small dense region in nuclei
Term
nuclear envelope
Definition
double- membrane layer
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
network of protein fliaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape.
Term
mircotubes
Definition
hollow tubes of protein abut 25 nanometers in diameter
Term
microfilaments
Definition
long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of cells.
Term
ribosomes
Definition
small particles made of RNA
Term
endoplasmic
Definition
internal membrane system
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
organelle in which componets of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified.
Term
golgi apparatus
Definition
attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins
Term
lysosomes
Definition
small organelles filled with enyzmes
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
use the energy from sunlight to make engery rich food molecules in a process known as photosynthesis
Term
mitochondria
Definition
use enegry from food to make high-engery compounds that the celll can use to power growth, development and movement
Term
Lynn Margulis
Definition
suggested that mitochrondria and chloroplasts are actually desecendants of ancient prokaryotes.
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