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-Organelle containing genetic material (blueprint) which controls the cell
-Nuclear envelope
-Nuclear pores let things in and out
-Contains chromatin (loosely coiled DNA and proteins which tighten during cell division to form Chromatin). |
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| The living material surrounding the nucleus in the cell, which contains many other types of organelles |
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-Cell membrane/barrier, determines what moves in or out of the cell.
-Phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, water, ions, and carbs
-Double layerd phospholid molecules have polar ends facing outwards.
-Membrane channels and carrier molecules allow materials in and out of cells.
-Receptor molecules allow for communication between in and outside. |
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-In the nucleus
-Round bodies with no membrane where subunits of ribosomes are manufactured
-Subunits consist of proteins put together in the Nucleolus to form rRNA and then released back into the cytoplasm |
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-After being released from the nucleoli one big and one small ribosome will pair to form one ribosome
-Produce proteins
-Some float freely, others in endoplasmic reticulum |
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-Series of membranes extending from outer nuclear membrane into cytoplasm
-Rough has ribosomes attached to it used for protein synthesis
-Smooth has no ribosomes used for lipid synthesis |
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-Closely stacked membrane bound sacks
-Collects, modifies, packages, and distributes proteins and lipids made by ribosomes in the endoplasmic reticulum |
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-Removal of waste from the cell by the Golgi complex
-A vesicle (package) is pinched off from the Golgi Apparatus containing the waste material.
-Moves to the membrane, fuses with wall, and opens to the outside to dump its contents. |
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-Small, membrane bound sac
-Transports or stores materials within cells
-Pinch off from Golgi Apparatus |
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-Membrane bound vesciles formed from Golgi Apparatus
-Contain enzymes that function as cell's digestive system
-Break down materials within cell |
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-Small bean shaped organells with inner and outer membranes.
-Smooth outer membrane, inner has folds called cristae.
-Produce ATP, major energy source for chemical reactions in cells. |
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-Proteins that support cell and hold organelles in place
-Microtubules hollow protein tubules that help in cell division and support the cytoplasm.
-Microfilaments small protein fibrils that support the cytoplasm
-Microfilaments allow muscle tissue to expland and contract.
-Intermediate filaments Protein fibrils that provide mechanical support to the cell. |
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-Projects from surface of cell
-Capable of moving
-Respiratory tract used to move mucus |
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-Like cilia but longer
-Singula flagella used for motion rather than larger amounts of cilia |
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-Extensions of cell membrane
-Supported by microfilaments
-Increase surface area of the cells that have them
-Line the intestinal tract |
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-Works against concentration gradient
-Molecules brought into cell by carrier molecules even though there is a higher concentration of molecules in the cell already (requires energy) |
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| Solute molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration in solution |
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| Movement is with the concentration gradient with the help of carrier molecules (glucose) |
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| Water going from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower concentration |
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| Solution has a higher concentration of water than solutes causing the cell to swell |
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| Solution has a lower concentratio of water and lower concentration of solutes than the cell causing the cell to shrink |
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| Solution and solute concentration is the same between the cell and the outside causing the cell to remain the same |
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| Movement of fludis through a partition containing small holes (occurs in the kidneys) |
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| Solid particles are ingested by the cell membrane and brought into the cell (white blood cells) |
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| Liquid particles are ingested by the cell membrane and brought into the cell (epitheliall cells of the intestines) |
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