Term
|
Definition
made from elements other than carbon
contain fewer atoms than organic molecules
the source for many elements neeeded by living things
contain nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur
most important = WATER |
|
|
Term
Organic Compounds Found in Living Things Chart
CARBOHYDRATES |
|
Definition
Examples: sugar, starch, and cellulose
Functions: Supply energy for cell processes; form plant structures; short-term energy storage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Examples: fats, oils, waste, phospholipids, and cholesterol
Functions: store large amounts of energy long-term; form boundaries around cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Examples: enzymes, skin, and hair
Functions: regulate cell processes and biuld cell structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Examples: DNA and RNA
Functions: carry hereditary information used to make protiens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
organic
supply energy for cell processes
some are inportant parts of cell structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
organic
supply energy for cell processes
some are important parts of cell structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
made up of smaller molecules called amino acids
building blocks of many cell structures
muscles = lotta protien
scattered through out cell membrane
enzymes = regulate nearly all chemical reactions in cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
living things = 50% water
water outside of body cells = 33 1/3%
water inside of body cells = 66 2/3% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
total of all chemical reactions in an organism
the chemical reactins of metabolism need enzymes |
|
|
Term
| Trapping and Using Energy |
|
Definition
enzymes in a cell cause change, but the enzyme is NOT changed and CAN be used again
without the right enzyme, a chemical reaction cannot take place
eace chemical reaction requires a different enzyme |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| producers use light energy to make sugars, which can be used as food |
|
|
Term
| Producing Carbohydrates PART I |
|
Definition
chlorophyll = what makes plants green
most plants that use photosynthesis are green...they contain ^^
Chlorophyll is used in ^ to capture light energy
in plant cells, these pigments can be found in chloroplasts |
|
|
Term
| Producing Carbohydrates PART II |
|
Definition
the captured light from chlorophyll is used to drive chemical reactions during which the raw materials, CO2 and water, are used to produce suger and O2
for plants raw materials come from siol and air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
when cells do not have enough O2 for resparation (see resparation cards part I and II)
begins at cytoplasm
glucose molecules broken down, energy released |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
simple molecules from the breakdown of
gluclose DO NOT move into the mitochondria
instead, more chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reactions in cytoplasm release some energy and produce waste
depending on the type of cell, the wastes may be lactic acid, alcohol, and CO2
presence of lactic acid is why muscle cells might feel stiff or sore after exercise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
photosynthesis and resparation = what is produced in one is used in another
photo. produces sugars and O2 and resparation uses these
CO2 and H2O produces during resparation and are used during photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
| Breaking Down Carbohydrates PART I |
|
Definition
resparation of carbohydrates begins in the cytoplasm
carbohydrates are broken down into glucose molecules
eace glucose molecule is broken down further into two simpler molecules
as they are broken down, energy is released |
|
|
