Term
Cell Membrane
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Separates cell from environment.
2) Regulates what enters and leaves a cell.
3) Protection.
Prokaryotic – Yes
Eukaryotic – Yes --Animal & Plant both |
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Term
Cell Membrane
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Structure: Lipid bi-layer with proteins as identification and channels.
Location: Around outside of cell |
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Term
Cell Wall
Function?
Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Support of the cell,
2) Some protection.
Prokaryote: Yes
Eukaryote: Yes, but only in algae and plants |
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Term
Cell Wall
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Structure: Fibers of Carbs & Proteins
Location: Outside of the cell membrane. |
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Term
Cytoskeleton
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Structure of cell
2) Movement of cell
3) Helps move stuff around within cell
Prokaryote: No
Eukaryotic: Yes – both Plant & Animal |
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Term
Cytoskeleton
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Structure: Microtubules & Microfilaments interwoven into a mesh.
Located: Throughout the cytoplasm between the nucleus & membrane. |
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Term
Cytoplasm
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Provides space for organelles & place for chemical reactions. (like space in a room)
Prokaryotic: Yes
Eukaryotic: Yes – Plant & animal |
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Term
Cytoplasm
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Located where: Between the nucleus & membrane.
Structure: Jello-like fluid containing organelles. |
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Term
Nucleus
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Control center of the cell
Eukaryotic: Yes – Animal & Plant
Prokaryotic: No! |
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Term
Nucleus
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Located: Anywhere within the cell
Structure: Double-membrane bound part containing nucleolus & DNA |
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Term
Nuclear Envelope
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Protects nucleus
2) Controls what enters and leaves.
Eukaryotic: Yes – Animal & Plant
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Nuclear Envelope
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: Around nucleus
Structure: Double membrane with pores |
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Term
Golgi Apparatus
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Modifies...
2) Sorts...
3) Packages and...
4) Delivers proteins. (like a chop shop)
Eukaryotic: Yes – Animal & Plant
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Golgi Apparatus
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Located: In cytoplasm
Structure: Stacks of closely-opposed pancake-like membranes |
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Term
SER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function:
1) Lipid & membrane synthesis
2) Detoxification
Eukaryotic: Yes – Animal & Plant
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
SER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Located: Outside the nucleus & RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
Structure: Interconnected membrane channels. |
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Term
RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Helps synthesize proteins. (synthesize = ‘makes’)
Eukaryotic: Yes – Animal & Plant
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Structure: Interconnected membrane channels with ribosomes attached.
Location: Directly outside nucleus. |
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Term
Nucleolus
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: MAKES ribosomes!
(within nucleus)
Eukaryotic: YES – plants and animals
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Nucleolus
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: Within the nucleus
Structure: Dense region made of RNA & Protein |
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Term
Ribosomes
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Makes proteins
Eukaryotic: Yes – plants & animals
Prokaryotic: Yes |
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Term
Ribosomes
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: In cytoplasm & attached to RER
Structure: Two subunits of RNA & Protein |
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Term
Mitochondria
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: POWERHOUSE of the cell: converts food to energy-rich compounds that cell can use.
Eukaryotic: Yes – Plants & Animals.
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Mitochondria
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: In cytoplasm
Structure: Highly folded protein-rich inner membrane surrounded by outer membrane. |
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Term
Choloroplast
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Photosynthesis – converting light Energy into chemical Energy
Eukaryotic: In plants & algae
Prokyarotic: No |
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Term
Choloroplast
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: Inside but usually near membrane.
Structure: Three membranes: stacks of thylakoids, called grana; + inner & outer membrane |
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Term
Vacuole
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Storage. Also, in plants, contributes to turger pressure. (helps keep plants upright – think balloon in a paper bag)
Eukaryotic: Yes – Plants & animals
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Vacuole
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: In cytoplasm
Structure: Membrane-bound sack of water, salts & stuff |
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Term
Lysosome
Function?
Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic? |
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Definition
Function: Digests & recycles stuff that the cell does not need. Also serves a ‘suicide pill’ function – can cause destruction of cell.
Eukaryotic: Yes - Animals
Prokaryotic: No |
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Term
Lysosome
Structure?
Location? |
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Definition
Location: In cytoplasm
Structure: Membrane-bound sack of digestive enzymes |
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