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| The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |
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| The double-layered membrane surrounding the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, separating the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. |
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| The round granular structure within the nucleus of a cell, and composed of protein and RNA |
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| A sphere-shaped structure found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Some ribosomes occur freely in the cytosol whereas others are attached to the nuclear membrane or to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) giving the latter a rough appearance, hence, the name rough ER or rER. |
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| Organelles containing a large range of digestive enzymes used primarily for digestion and removal of excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. |
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| a plastid containing chlorophyll. |
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| an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production. |
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| a membrane-bound cavity within a cell, often containing a watery liquid or secretion. |
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| The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment |
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| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
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Definition
| (A part of) endoplasmic reticulum that is tubular in form (rather than sheet-like) and lacks ribosomes. Its functions include lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, calcium concentration, drug detoxification, and attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins. |
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| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
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| The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a eukaryotic organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae within cells. Rough endoplasmic reticula synthesize proteins, while smooth endoplasmic reticula synthesize lipids and steroids, metabolize carbohydrates and steroids (but not lipids), and regulate calcium concentration, drug metabolism, and attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins. |
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| The Golgi apparatus (also Golgi body or the Golgi complex) is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells |
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| the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus, consisting of DNA, RNA, and various proteins, that forms chromosomes during cell division. |
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| a hollow cylindrical structure in the cytoplasm of most cells, involved in intracellular shape and transport. |
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| a minute, narrow tubelike cell structure composed of a protein similar to actin, occurring singly and in bundles, involved in cytoplasmic movement and changes in cell shape. |
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| the cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, and various particles. |
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| the cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, and various particles. |
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| a tail-like projection that protrudes from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and functions in locomotion |
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| a small, cylindrical cell organelle, seen near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, that divides in perpendicular fashion during mitosis, the new pair of centrioles moving ahead of the spindle to opposite poles of the cell as the cell divides: identical in internal structure to a basal body. |
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| The cell wall is the tough, usually flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism |
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