Term
| plasmalemma/ cell membrane |
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Definition
1) physical barrier – that encloses the cell components
2) boundary that regulates (controls) molecules entering and exiting the cell.
a) PERMEABILITY = the ease at which a substance passes thru the CM
b) Active Transport – the cell must spend energy for the passage
c) Passive Transport – the cell doesn’t spend energy for passage |
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Definition
- thick, semitransparent, elastic fluid fluid
- 75% to 95% water with proteins, carbohydrates, lipids & inorganic substances |
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Definition
largest organelle
visible in a scope
lipid bilayer = nuclear membrane
nucleoplasm = the fluid inside
contains DNA = a strand of genes
2 forms of DNA
a)chromatin – thread-like, stringy form
b) chromosome – coiled, thicker form |
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Definition
double membrane organelle
- the outer membrane is smooth
- the inner membrane is folded = cristae
involved in ATP production
ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate
the right amount of energy
the “Energy Transfer” molecule |
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Definition
makes lipids and stores calcium
ER: extensive tube system composed of membrane |
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modifies and transports proteins
ER: extensive tube system composed of membrane |
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a stack of membrane sacs – curved on sides, flatter in the center
job = packages protein complexes with membrane and releases it as a “budding vesicle”
Like UPS (postal service) – buy a box and send it off! |
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Term
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Definition
vesicle containing digestive enzymes
digests bacteria entering the cell
WBCs have many lysosomes
Digests worn-out or damaged cell parts
“suicide packets” – digests developmental parts during embryological developmental stages (webbed fingers, tail) |
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vesicle with enzymes that neutralize toxins
Smaller than lysosomes |
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tiny spheres
site of protein synthesis
can be bound to ER or free in cytosol |
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-centrioles = the organelle
-centrosome = the area they are found
one pair per cell
bundle of microtubules
form the spindle fibers of mitosis |
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Definition
forms a protein framework in the cell
“cell skeleton”
Move organelles |
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Definition
numerous projections of the cell
Contain microtubules
increase the surface area to facilitate absorption of extra cellular materials |
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