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cell functions
functions
16
Biology
9th Grade
10/26/2011

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Term
vacuole
Definition
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates for plant and animal use
Term
chloroplast
Definition
organelle that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
Term
cell membrane
Definition
thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Term
cell wall
Definition
strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
Term
golgi apparatus
Definition
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Term
mitochondrion
Definition
organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell use
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
Term
nucleus
Definition
the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities
Term
ribosome
Definition
small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
Term
organ
Definition
group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
Term
tissue
Definition
group of similar cells that perform a particular function
Term
prokaryote
Definition
unicellular organism lacking a nucleus
Term
eukaryote
Definition
organism whose cells contain nuclei
Term
chromosome
Definition
threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Term
nucleolus
Definition
small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
Term
centriole
Definition
one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
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