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| considered a resting phase and is typically divided into three stages first growth G1, DNA synthesis S, and second growth G2 phases |
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| the cell grows rapidly and carries out its assigned functions. |
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| a cell's DNA is replicated. by the end of this phase each chromosome in the cell consists of two chromatids attached at the centromere. |
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| when preparation for cell division begins. organelles within the cell begin to replicate the nucleus prepares for division and specialized structures and enzymes used during mitiosis begin to assemble in the cell. |
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| the replicated pairs of centrioles migrate to opposite poles of the cell. the chromosomes condense in the cess becoming shorter and thicker. the spindle fibersform from the centrioles and will eventually attach to each chromosome at the centromere. |
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| the spindle fibers enter the nuclear regioin attaching to a complex system of fibers on the centromere known as the kinetochore. after attachment the spindle fibers align the centromeres along an equatrorial region in the nucleus known as the metaphase plate so that the arms of the chromosome point towards the poles of the cell |
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| the centromere divides and the two chromatids separate from each other forming two identical daughter chromosomes the spindle fibers pull the newly divided chromosomes towards the poles and away from the metaphase plate though the spindle fibers appear to move they are in fact continuously forming at one end and disassembling at the other end |
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| after the chromosomes reach the poles of the cell a nuclear membrane froms around each set of chromosomes forming daughter nuclei the chromosomes uncoil and elongate the spindle fibers break down and disappear and in animal cells a cleavage furrow between the two daugher nuclei begins to form |
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Definition
| in animal cells the cleavage furrow continure pinching together and eventually drawing together completely separating the cell into two distinct daughter cells. |
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| Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea, and Bacteria |
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