Term
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Definition
| When a cell turns into a specific cell type; it has a job. |
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Term
| 3 Major Functions of Cell Division |
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Definition
1. Reproduction (doesn't really apply to humans)
2. Growth + Development
3. Tissue Renewal |
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Term
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Definition
| Point in the cell cycle where the cell has to meet certain criteria in order to continue with the cycle. The cell is checking whatever is happening, is happening correctly before we continue dividing the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| The multicellular structure formed from the original zygote that can no longer be used to divide the zygote. Differentiation causes this structure to be formed, consisting of ICM (Inner Cell Mass), and an outer cell mass. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cell cycle "timeout," where the cell stops the cell cycle and puts it on hold as the cell focuses it's energy onto a different process or function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pre-programmed cell suicide. |
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Term
| What exactly occurs during mitosis? |
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Definition
CHROMOSOMES: Early in mitosis, the chromosomes condense, and line up in a single file due to the spindle fibers. The spindle fibers then break the chromosomes apart forming sister chromatids that are identical to each budding off one. The chromosomes then turn back into a stringy consistency and become surrounded by the nucleus.
NUCLEUS: The nucleus breaks down early in mitosis. It then is non-existent until the chromosomes separate. Two new nuclei form around each sister pair of chromosomes.
SPINDLE FIBERS: The spindle fibers form once the chromosomes become compact. After the spindle fibers pull apart the chromosomes, they disintegrate and vanish. |
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Term
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Definition
| The division of the cytoplasm. It typically happens after mitosis. |
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Term
| Density Dependent Inhibition |
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Definition
| Cells will stop dividing once they're crowded. If you remove a sample of those cells, the cells near them will divide until that gap is filled, then stop again. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells with damaged DNA that "skipped" the process of apoptosis. The cells do not have density dependent inhibition, and will continuously divide even when on top of each other. |
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Term
| 3 Stages of Cancer Development |
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Definition
1. A single cells gets all of the right mutations to start dividing uncontrollably.
2. The cells begin to invade the neighboring tissues. The cells and the tumor become invasive.
3. Metastasis (metastasize): The tumor has actually reached either blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. |
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