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| A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying DNA |
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| Synthesis (DNA Replication) |
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1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase |
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- Start with double helix
- Next: unwind
- Next: DNA polymerase makes copy of other side
○ Like RNA polymerase did
- Next: original sides (parent strands) and new strands (daughter strands) make 2 half-and-half double helixes |
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- Finds complementary bases
- Forms S-P bonds |
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| Semi-Conservative Replication |
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| - how the new chromosome is half half from the old and half from the new |
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| 2 identical copies of a chromatin connected by a centromer |
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| The point on a chromosome where it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division |
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| Cell division that results in 2 daughter cells |
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| Phases of Mitosis (ORDER) |
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| Prophase->Metaphase->Anaphase->Telophase |
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○ Mitotic spindle
○ Kinetochores in the centromere pull on the spindle fiber |
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| Chromosomes attach to mitotic spindle |
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○ Cleavage furrow (animal cells)
§ Beginning of cytokinesis
§ Plant cells have division plates
○ Cytokinesis begins
○ Late Telophase:
§ Nuclear membrane comes back |
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| The structure that separates the chromosomes into the daughter cells |
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| The shape formed when animal cells begin to divide |
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| The shape formed when a plant cell begins to divide |
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| Uncontrolled growth of cells |
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| Tumors that can impair organ function and could become lethal |
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| The group of genes that synthesizes the proteins/enzymes regulated by the cell cycle |
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| A cancer-causing substance |
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