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| Repeating sequences of evemts in eukaryotes that involves cell groth and nuclear division: consists of the stages G1, S, G2, and M |
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The period between cell divisions when growth. replacement and DNA synthesis occur in preparation for the next division; consists of gap 1 (G1), synthesis (S), and gap 2 (G2).
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| Cells increase in size, produce RNA and synthesize protein. An important cell cycle control mechanism activated during this period ensures that everything is ready for DNA synthesis |
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| To produce two similar daughter cells, the complete DNA instructions in the cell must be duplicated. DNA replication occurs during this phase. |
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| During the gap between DNA synthesis and mitosis, the cell will continue to grow and produce new proteins. At the end of this gap is another control checkpoint to determine if the cell can now proceed to enter M (mitosis) and divide. |
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| Cell growth and protein production stop at this stage in the cell cycle. All of the cell's energy is focused on the complex and orderly division into two similar daughter cells. This pahse is much shorter than interphase, lasting perhaps only one to two hours. |
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The actual division of the cell and fission of the cytoplasm also called cytokinesis.
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| Structures in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell that consist of DNA complexed with proteins that transmit genetic information (genes) from the previous generation of cells and organisms to the next generation. |
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| A network of fibrils consisting of DNA and protein in eukaryotic cells that is dispersed throughout the nucleus during interphase and condensed into chromosomes during meiosis and mitosis. |
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| A pair of chromosomes in which one member of the pair is obtained from the organism's maternal parent and the other from the paternal parent; found in diploid cells. |
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| A specialized region on each chromatid to which kinetochores and sister chromatids attach. |
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| A cell that is not or will not become a gamete; the cells of the body. |
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| The division of the cell's nucleus and nuclear material of a cell; consists of four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Cell xeroxing. Occurs only in eukaryotes. The DNA of the cell is replicated during interphase of the cell cycle and then segregated during the four phases. |
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| The first stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the centrioles divide and migrate to opposite ends of the cell. 2) The first stage of mitosis and meiosis (although in meiosis this phase is denoted with either a roman numeral I or II) where the chromatin condenses to form chromosomes, nucleolus dissolves, nuclear envelope dissolves, and the spindle begins to form. |
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| The stage of eukaryotic cell division (mitosis or meiosis) in which the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell. |
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| Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes begin to separate. |
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| The final stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes migrate to opposite poles, a new nuclear envelope forms, and the chromosomes uncoil. The last phase of nuclear division in eukaryotes when the segregated chromosomes uncoil and begin to reform nuclei. This is immediately followed (in most cases) by cytokinesis. |
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| The division of the cytoplasm during cell division. |
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| A constriction of the cell membrane at the equator of the cell that marks the beginning of cytokinesis in animal cells. The cell divides as the furrow deepens. |
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| In plants, a membrane-bound space produced during cytokinesis by the vesicles of the Golgi apparatus. The cell plate fuses with the plasma membrane, dividing the cell into two compartments. |
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| Cells that contain homologous chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in the cells is the diploid number and is equal to 2n (n is the number of homologous pairs). |
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| The method by which bacteria reproduce. The circular DNA molecule is replicated; then the cell splits into two identical cells, each containing an exact copy of the original cell's DNA. |
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| List, in order, the phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle. |
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- Interphase
- G1
- S-Phase
- G2
- M-Phase (Mitosis)
- C-Phase (Cytokinesis)
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| Breifly Describe the ways in which the cell cycle is controlled. |
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| Distuingish mitosis and cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. |
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| state the siginificance of mitosis |
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| explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells and the treatment strategies for cnacer. |
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| they reproduce faster, checkpoints function properly causing the cell cycle work right because genetic mutation. |
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| Briefly describe the cell cycle in a prokaryotic cell. |
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Nitrogen-containing molecules which link together to form strands of DNA and RNA.
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organic compound that owes its property as a base to the lone pair of electrons of a nitrogen atom.
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, |
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