Term
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Definition
Chlorophyll A molecule located next to primary electron acceptor
Loses electron to primary electron acceptor |
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Definition
| Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet |
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Term
| Primary Electron Acceptor |
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Definition
| Takes electron from reaction center |
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Term
| Missing electron in photosystem II replaced by... |
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Definition
| H+ from H2O
O2 released as byproduct |
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Definition
| Connects Photosystem II and Photosystem I Series of proteins along the thylakoid membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of synthesizing ADP + P --> ATP On outside of thylakoid |
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Term
| Missing electron in Photosystem I replaced by... |
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Definition
| Electron coming down electron transport chain from Photosystem II |
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Term
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Definition
| Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| NADP+ + H+ + e- = NADPH
Energy to make sugar |
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Term
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Definition
Enzyme
Most abundant proteins on earth |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Phosphoglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| Breaking apart of glucose |
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Term
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Definition
| Nicotinamide adenine diphosphate |
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Term
| Anaerobic Cell Respiration |
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Definition
| After glycolysis, NADH dumps e- and H+ to pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is converted to either Lactic Acid or Ethyl Alcohol + CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Flavin adenine dinucleotide |
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Term
| Energy in 1 glucose molecule = ___ calories |
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Definition
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Term
| Energy released from Glucose in aerobic cellular respiration = ___ calories |
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Definition
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Term
| Efficiency of aerobic cellular respiration = __% |
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Definition
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Term
| Number of ATP Produced in aerobic cellular respiration |
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Definition
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Term
| Energy in 1 ATP molecule (calories) |
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Definition
| 7.3 calories/ATP molecule |
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Term
| Proteins make up __% of dry weight cells |
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Definition
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Term
Structural Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Support
Examples - Collagen, elastin, keratin |
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Term
Enzymes
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Control chemical reactions
Examples - Lactase, amylase, fructase |
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Term
Transport Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Transport of molecules
Examples - Hemoglobin, HDL, LDL, myoglobin |
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Term
Hormonal Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Communication via chemical message
Examples - Insulin, glucagon, adrenaline, thyroxin |
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Term
Contractile Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Movement
Examples - Actin, myosin |
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Term
Pigment Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Trap light energy
Examples - Melanin, chlorophyll, xanthophylls, carotenes |
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Term
Defensive Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Fight foreign invaders
Examples - Antibodies |
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Term
Receptor Proteins
(Function and where found) |
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Definition
Function - Recieve stimuli
Found on outside of cells |
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Term
Storage Proteins
(Function and Examples) |
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Definition
Function - Store amino acids
Examples - Albumin (egg white), casien |
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Term
| Four Levels of Protein Structure |
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Definition
| Primary Structure (Polypeptide Chain/Amino Acid Sequence) Secondary Structure (Helix) Tertiary Structure (Folded individual peptide/Di-sulfide bridges) Quaternary Structure (Aggregration of two or more peptides) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Structure of Amino Acid |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1) Methyl Group (CH3) - Nonpolar, hydrophobic
2) Polar, hydrophilic
3) Charged - (-) acidic & (+) basic |
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Term
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Definition
| Process used to separate compounds in one solution from another |
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Term
| Distance a compound moves up chromatography paper depends on... |
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Definition
| Solubility of compound in solvent Attraction of compound to paper - Most nonpolar pigments move fastest - Most polar pigments move slowest |
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Term
| Put four plant pigments in order of highest polarity to lowest polarity |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll B Chlorophyll A Xanthophylls Carotenes |
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Term
| Equation for Photosynthesis |
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Definition
| 12 H2O + 6 CO2 --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Under arrow - enzymes, pigments, sunlight, minerals |
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Term
| Utilizes pigments (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| CO2 is used (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| NADP+ picks up H+ (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Electrons are raised to a higher energy level (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Water is split (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzyme Rubisco is used (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| PGAL is produced (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Requires light (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs in stroma (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Involves electron transport chain (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Uses ATP (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Can by cyclic or noncyclic (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Utilizes photosystems (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs in thylakoid membrane (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| O2 released (Light Reaction or Calvin Cycle?) |
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Definition
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Term
| What role does water serve in photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| Replaces electron that is pulled out of Photosystem II at chlorophyll A. H passed on and O2 is formed. |
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Term
| Describe structure of general photosystem |
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Definition
| Works energy collection systerm Located in thylakoid membrane |
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Term
| Need for cyclic photophosphorylation |
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Definition
| More ATP is needed for Calvin Cycle than NADPH so instead of the electrons being passed on, the electron cycles back through Photosystem II |
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Term
| Plants have evolved several pigments within chloroplast because... |
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Definition
| More pigments result in more energy absorbed (different wavelengths from sun can be absorbed) |
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Term
| Role of ATP in Calvin Cycle |
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Definition
| Convert GPA to PGAL and then PGAL to RuBP |
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Term
| Equation for Cell Respiration |
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Definition
| 6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP |
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Term
| Oxygen is the final electron acceptor (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| CO2 is released (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
| Intermediate Reactions and Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle |
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Term
| Glucose is split (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Electrons are passed from protein to protein (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Uses coenzyme A (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs in the cell cytosol (cytoplasm) (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| H2O is released (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Succinic acid is the "halfway point" (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs in intramembrane space of mitochondria (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| NADH is made (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
| Glycolysis, Intermediate Reaction, Kreb's Citric Cycle |
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Term
| FADH2 is made (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| ATP synthase makes ATP (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Involves an H+ gradient (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs in mitochondria matrix (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
| Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle |
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Term
| PGAL is produced (Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle or Electron Transport Chain?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Role of oxygen in cell respiration |
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Definition
| Oxygen is final electron acceptor. Hooks up H+ and e- to make H2O to be exhaled so that electrons and hydrogens aren't backed up |
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Term
| Purpose of NADH and FADH2 |
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Definition
| To transport H+ and e-. NADH yields 2 ATP in glycolysis and 3 in intermediate reaction and kreb's cycle. FADH yields 2 ATP in Kreb's cycle. |
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Term
| Difference between NADH and FADH2 |
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Definition
| NADH dropped off earlier in electron transport chain and makes more ATP |
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Term
| Role of ATP in glycolysis |
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Definition
| 2 ATP used to convert glucose to fructose 1,6-diphosphate |
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Term
| What is the net gain from Glycolysis, Intermediate Reactions, and Kreb's Cycle? |
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Definition
4 ATP
10 NADH
2 FADH2
6 CO2 |
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Term
| What is used to convert 3PGA to 6PGAL in the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used to regenerate 3RuBP from 5PGAL in the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used to convert 6C6H12O6 to 6 Fructose 1,6-Diphosphate in Glycolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is made from converting 2PGAL to 2 Pyruvic Acid in Glycolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is made from converting 2 Pyruvic Acid to 2 Acetyl CoA in the Intermediate Reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is made from converting 2 citric acid to 2 succinic acid in the Kreb's Cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is made when converting 2 succinic acid to 2 oxaloacetic acid in the Kreb's Cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2 in glycolysis, 3 in intermediate reaction and Kreb's |
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Definition
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