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Cell Biology-Cytoskeleton
molecules specific to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix
38
Biology
Graduate
08/04/2011

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Term
F actin
Definition
G actins polymerized into a double helix
Term
actin
Definition
structural microfilaments, composed of F actin myofilaments
Term
G actin
Definition
monomeric actin subunits
Term
tropomyosin
Definition
a regulatory alpha helix in muscle, that wraps around F actin myofilaments
Term
Troponins (C,T,I)
Definition
regulatory subunits that correspond to calcium ions to interact with tropomyosin and induce muscle contraction
Term
spectrin
Definition
actin crosslinking protein that forms networks in erythrocytes
Term
dystrophin
Definition
actin crosslinking protein that forms networks in sriated muscle
Term
myosin
Definition
a structural microfilament as well as a motor protein for actin
Term
actomyosin
Definition
actin and myosin associated with each other
Term
stress fibers
Definition
bundles of actomyosin anchored to the basal surface of fibroblasts, which are themselves attached to substratum. these fibers produce tension across a cell layer
Term
microtubules
Definition
polymers of alpa and beta tubulin
Term
Tau and MAPs
Definition
microtubular crosslinking proteins that form networks
Term
dynein
Definition
a microtubule motor protein for flagella, cilia, axons, and kinetochores
Term
intermediate filaments
Definition
structural components of the cytoskeleton.
Complexes composed of proteins that have simila alpha helical cores, but distinctive terminal domains
Term
keratin
Definition
a major intermediate filament of epithelial cells
Term
nuclear lamins
Definition
intermediate filaments supporting the nuclear membrane
Term
collagen
Definition
extracellular matrix fibers that resist stretching, composed of 3 helices coiled around each other in a triple helix
Term
elastin
Definition
stretchable extracellular matrix fibers that provide tissue with pliability
Term
fibrillin
Definition
glycoprotein microfibrils that provide a scaffold for assembly of elastic fibers
Term
glycosaminoglycans
Definition
polysaccharides of the extracellular matrix composed of disaccharide repeats of modified sugars
Term
hyaluronans
Definition
a particularly large glycosaminoglycan that exists free in he ECM
Term
proteoglycans
Definition
ECM components composed of core proteins attached to one or more glycosaminoglycans
Term
heparin
Definition
a regulatory proteoglcan which controls inflammation
Term
laminin
Definition
ECM crosslinking protein forming networks in the basal lamina
Term
fibronectin
Definition
ECM crosslinking protein with multiple binding domains for different factors (heparin, collagen, integrin, etc)
Term
integrin
Definition
the transmembrane protein for hemidesmosomes and adhesion plaques. it is bound by an adaptor protein or plaque on the cytoplasmic side of membrane and fibronectin on the extracellular side
Term
ankyrin
Definition
a membrane-microfilament binding protein that binds spectrin in erythrocytes ans desmin from muscle sarcomeres
Term
adapter proteins
Definition
factors that link actomyosin filaments to inegrin in adhesion plaques or cadherin in belt desmosomes
Term
cadherins
Definition
a family of calcium dependent transmembrane proteins that tie similar cells together
Term
spot desmosomes
Definition
isolated "spot welds" joining the intermediate filament cytoskeletons of two cells at their lateral surfaces
Term
hemidesmosomes
Definition
structures that anchor the intermediate filament cytoskeleton of an epithelial cell to the basal lamina
Term
membrane-microfilament binding proteins
Definition
membrane associated proteins that anchor the microfilament cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane by binding actin crosslinking proteins
Term
adhesion plaques
Definition
structures that anchor microfilament stress fibers to the basal surface of many cells, particularly epithelial cells
Term
Zonula Occludens
Definition
thin bands of membrane around the apical perimeters of epithelial cells, held closely together by proteins such as occluden and clauden. they seal to prevent diffusion of molecules across the epithelium
Term
Zona Adhernes
Definition
rows of structures anchoring actin microfilaments to the apical surface of epithelial cells, just beneath the tight junction
Term
circumferential belt
Definition
microfilament bundles (actin and myosin)that encircle the apical perimeter of epithelial cells at the level of the belt demsosomes
Term
gap junctions
Definition
transmembrane complex that allow diffusion of small molecules between cells to vesicles
Term
transegrity
Definition
describes a system of interconnected components that interact in a dynamic manner to form a stable, functional structure
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