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CDS Study Cards
CDS Architecture Licensing Exam
295
Architecture
Professional
01/14/2015

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Errors and Omissions Insurance

Definition

 A type of professional liability insurance. It is intended for the protection of the architect or other professional from liability arising from the negligence or failure to meet the standards of care expected from a professional.

Term
Workers Compensations insurance
Definition
This insurance may be purchased by contractor and architect. Covers the liability of the employer, architect, or contractor to the employees for injury or sickness as a result of their employment.
Term
Property insurance
Definition
Purchased by the owner, equal in amount to the total value of the project, it covers damages and loss of the work on and off site as well as in transit.
Also called Builder’s Risk Insurance.
Term
Professional Liability insurance
Definition
Covers the liability of the insured professional, architect, contractor or the owner, for claims due to damages caused by errors, omissions, or negligence.
Term
Personal Injury insurance
Definition
Covers libel, slander, false arrest, and defamation of character. purchased by contractor
Term
Products and Completed Operations insurance
Definition
Purchased by the contractor, it covers their liability for damages caused by installed goods after the construction phase and transfer of title.
Term
Automobile Liability insurance
Definition
Covers claims for damages arising out of the use of an owned, non-owned,
or hired automobile.
Term
Contractual Liability insurance
Definition
Covers liability assumed by contract…. This is primarily indemnification, wherein contractors agree to hold owners and architects harmless from damages arising out of specified events
Term
Subrogation
Definition
a procedure by which an insurance company, after it pays a loss to its insured, can
attempt to recover this amount from some other party who may have actually caused the loss.
Term
Certificated of Insurance is
Definition
a memorandum that outlines the types and limits of the insurance coverages carried by the contractor for the project.
Term
CSI
Definition
Construction Specifications Institute
Term
General, Materials, Execution
Definition
the three parts of the specifications
Term
general
Definition
section of specifications that deals with the coverage or scope of the section. It describes related work, definitions, quality control, submittals, and guarantees / warranties
Term
materials
Definition
section of specifications that Lists and describes the materials, products, and equipments to be used.
Term
execution
Definition
The section of the specs that details the manner in which products and materials will be installed and work performed.
Term
Closed Specification
Definition
Also called Prescriptive, Base Bid, or Propriety Specification, where specific products or processes are stipulated without provision for substitution.
Term
Propriety Specification
Definition
This type of closed specification defines the use of a specific products or
systems and does not allow the contractor to substitute alternatives. (Cont.)… call for desired materials, product, systems, and equipment by their trade names and model numbers.
Term
Open Specification
Definition
This type of spec is often used for public projects to ensure competitive bidding, it allows the
contractor to substitute products of equal quality and performance if approved by the architect. (cont.) These Specs name several (usually 3) acceptable material, products, or systems, and contractors may use any one of them.
Term
Performance Specification
Definition
A type of Open Specification that sets criteria and defines the results required of the assembly, component, or device being specified.
Term
Cash Allowance Spec.
Definition
Spec that establishes a dollar amount allocated for each item in the specifications when quality or number is not well known
Term
Descriptive Specification
Definition
A specification which describes all product components, arrangements, assembly methods, properties, and other details and requirements.
Term
Reference Standard Spec.
Definition
A type of Performance Specification where items specified must meet certain
requirement set by an accepted authority or test method such as, (UL) Underwriter’s Laboratories, (ASTM) American Society for Testing and Material or (ANSI) American National Standards Institute.
Term
Application for payment
Definition
What must be submited 10 days prior to day established by schedule of values to which the architect has 7 days to approve or contact owner/contractor?
Term
AIA general conditions say "reasonable promptness" but 10 days is common
Definition
how much time does architect have to process shop drawings submitted by contractor
Term
substantial completion
Definition
according to the contract documents, contract time ends at the date of
Term
2 weeks
Definition
minimum amount of time to prepare a bid?
Term
21 days
Definition
A change in the contract sum to cover unforeseen problems must be submitted in how many days?
Term
bond (surety bond)
Definition
An agreement under which one party (the surety or bonding company) guarantees to make good to another party (the obligee or owner) the debt, default, or failure to perform of a third party (the principal or contractor).
Term
completion bond
Definition
A bond obtained by the contractor or owner, which guarantees that the project will be completed free of liens.
Term
performance bond
Definition
A type of surety obtained by the contractor. It is for the protection of the owner and is used to help ensure that the work will be completed in accordance with the contract documents.
Term
surety
Definition
A written promise or bond by a person or entity who guarantees the performance of an obligation of another party. It can protect an owner’s interest by ensuring that the contractor fulfills the requirements of the contract documents.
Term
A bid bond is furnished by a bidder as part of his/her submission to guarantee 2 things, they usually represent 5 to 10 % of the bid amount: (1) the bidder will enter into a contract with the owner at the price and on the terms stated in his/her bid (2) the bidder will provide a performance and labor and material payment bond to guarantee that the work will be properly carried out and paid for. If the bidder fails to do these things, the surety or bonding company is liable for any extra costs
Definition
Bid bond
Term
labor and meterial payment bond
Definition
A surety bond obtained by the contractor guaranteeing to the owner that the contractor will pay for all labor (subcontractors, suppliers) and materials used for the project.
Term
60"
Definition
minimum clear with for two wheelchairs to pass
Term
60" turning radius
Definition
clear space for wheelchair to turn 180
Term
30" x 48"
Definition
clear space for stationary wheelchair
Term
32" at a point and 36" continuously
Definition
minimum clear width for single wheelchair passage
Term
48" between handrails
Definition
Each stairway adjacent to an area of rescue assistance shall have a minimum clear width of
Term
80"
Definition
ADA minimum clear head room
Term
1: 12 and 30"
Definition
maximum slope of a ramp and the maximum rise for a ramp
Term
1.) The landing shall be at least as wide as the ramp run leading to it.
2.) The landing length shall be a minimum of 60” clear
3.) If ramps change direction at landings, the minimum landing size shall be 60” by 60”
4.) If a door way is located at a landing, then the are in front of the doorway shall comply with
4.13.6
Definition
Features of landings at the end of ramps
Term
greater than 6" rise
or
horizontal projection greater than 72"
Definition
Dimensions of a ramp which then makes it require handrails on both sides
Term
1 1/2"
Definition
clear space between handrails and wall
Term
34" to 38"
Definition
top of handrail surface mounted _____" above stair nosing
Term
32"
Definition
minimum clear opening of door when 90 degrees
Term
48"
Definition
minimum space between two hinged or pivoted doors in a series
Term
18" minimum clear from door
and 60" min measured from face of wall
Definition
door front approach (pull side) clearance
Term
12" min clear from door and 48" measured from face of wall
Definition
door front approach (push side) clearance
Term
96"
Definition
minimum width of car and van parking space
Term
60"
Definition
minimum width of access aisles servicing car parking spaces
Term
96"
Definition
minimum width of access aisles servicing van parking spaces
Term
60" minimum wide
Definition
access aisles servicing vehicle pull-up spaces shall be ____" wide
Term
20' long min
Definition
access aisles shall be how long in passenger loading zones
Term
4" min
7" max
Definition
minimum and maximum of stair risers
Term
11" deep minimum
Definition
minimum depth of stair treads
Term
owner and contractor
Definition
AIA documents A-series includes various form of agreements between whom
Term
owner and architect
Definition
AIA documents b-series includes various form of agreements between whom
Term
architect and other design professionals
Definition
AIA documents C-series includes various form of agreements between whom
Term
architect industry documents
Definition
AIA documents D-series includes
Term
office admin documents
Definition
AIA documents G-series includes
Term
Title Sheet
• Table of Contents
• Bid Form
• Instruction to Bidders
• Proposed Owner-Contractor Agreement
• General conditions and Supplementary Conditions
• Sample AIA Documents
• List of Drawings
• Signature Sheet
• Index to Specifications
• Specifications, standard divisions
Definition
Project manual includes all of the following:
Term
project manual
bidding documents
contract modifications
• Bidding Requirements
• Contract Forms
• Contract Conditions
• Specifications
• Drawings
• Addendum
Definition
construction documents consist of
Term
The Owner-Contractor Agreement
• General & Supplementary Conditions of the Contract
• Specifications (CSI Format)
• The Working Drawings
• Addenda
• Modifications
Definition
contract documents consist of
Term
division one
Definition
The General Requirements Division of the specifications which establishes the administrative and procedural duties of the contractor, architect and owner during construction.
Term
general contract
Definition
The agreements between the owner and the contractor for the construction of a project
Term
general conditions
Definition
The part of the contract documents which states the rights, responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved, usually by means of standard documents published by the A.I.A. (cont…)
A duty is established in the General Conditions. (cont…) The General Conditions extends rights and
responsibilities from owner to contractor to subcontractor and creates the context for all contractual relationships on a project.
Term
Supplementary General Conditions
Definition
These are additional conditions, included in the project manual, that are used to modify the General Conditions of the Contract for Construction. This is done to accommodate any
specific legal, climatic, or site conditions of the particular project. (cont…) The purpose of these conditions is to modify the general conditions of the contract because of unusual or special circumstances or
accommodate the specific project requirements.
Term
division one
Definition
The General Requirements Division of the specifications which establishes the administrative and procedural duties of the contractor, architect and owner during construction.
Term
general contract
Definition
The agreements between the owner and the contractor for the construction of a project
Term
general conditions
Definition
The part of the contract documents which states the rights, responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved, usually by means of standard documents published by the A.I.A. (cont…)
A duty is established in the General Conditions. (cont…) The General Conditions extends rights and
responsibilities from owner to contractor to subcontractor and creates the context for all contractual relationships on a project.
Term
Supplementary General Conditions
Definition
These are additional conditions, included in the project manual, that are used to modify the General Conditions of the Contract for Construction. This is done to accommodate any
specific legal, climatic, or site conditions of the particular project. (cont…) The purpose of these conditions is to modify the general conditions of the contract because of unusual or special circumstances or
accommodate the specific project requirements.
Term
division one
Definition
The General Requirements Division of the specifications which establishes the administrative and procedural duties of the contractor, architect and owner during construction.
Term
general contract
Definition
The agreements between the owner and the contractor for the construction of a project
Term
general conditions
Definition
The part of the contract documents which states the rights, responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved, usually by means of standard documents published by the A.I.A. (cont…)
A duty is established in the General Conditions. (cont…) The General Conditions extends rights and
responsibilities from owner to contractor to subcontractor and creates the context for all contractual relationships on a project.
Term
Supplementary General Conditions
Definition
These are additional conditions, included in the project manual, that are used to modify the General Conditions of the Contract for Construction. This is done to accommodate any
specific legal, climatic, or site conditions of the particular project. (cont…) The purpose of these conditions is to modify the general conditions of the contract because of unusual or special circumstances or
accommodate the specific project requirements.
Term
Special Conditions
Definition
Additional requirements to the Supplementary General Conditions of the Contract for
Construction. These requirements are usually requested by government or local building agencies. Part of the contract documents, other than the general and supplementary conditions, describing unique conditions of a
project. These are used when supplementary conditions must be further extended.
Term
General Requirements
Definition
What AIA document defines the specific procedures that a contractor must follow with regard to their obligations?
Term
Single Prime Contract
Definition
A contract for building construction under which one prime contractor is responsible for the entire project, in contrast to having separate contracts
Term
Separate Prime Contract
Definition
One of several owner-contractor agreements for a project, each of which provides for constructing a major portion of the work (general construction, electrical, mechanical, etc.) by a different contract.
Term
Cost Plus Fee Contract
Definition
An agreement under which the contractor, or the architect, is reimbursed for his or her cost, and, in addition, is paid a fee for his or her services
Term
Basic Services (architect)
Definition
the architectural services normally required for a building project, usually consisting of schematic design, bidding or negotiation, and construction contract administration.
Term
1.) Designs that use less
2.) Designs that recycle components
3.) Designs that have components that are easily recyclable
4.) Designs that have components that are fully biodegradable
Definition
Sustainable designs should have four goals
Term
1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Material & Resources
5. Indoor Air Quality
6. Innovation & Design Practice
Definition
6 CATEGORIES OF LEED
Term
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Definition
requires that in designing, documenting, and constructing a building, the proper
resources and scrutiny are applied to each part of the process in order to prevent errors before they
are made, or at least to correct errors early, before they are compounded
Term
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)
Definition
was developed to incorporate quality control and quality
assurance, but also included all aspects of service to achieve the goal of customer satisfaction
Term
ELECTROLYSIS
Definition
also know as galvanic action, occurs when two reactive materials, such as aluminum
and steel, come into contact with each other, which may lead to corrosion.
• Reactive materials should be separated by mastic, building paper, or other material, to prevent water
from creating a galvanic connection between materials
Term
EXPANSION JOINT
Definition
JOINT THAT allow masonry to move independently of a structural steel or concrete frame
Term
CONTROL JOINT
Definition
Joint that relieves forces that may build up within individual masonry elements
Term
Sound Transmission Class (STC)
Definition
the method of rating acoustic efficiency of various wall and
floor systems in isolating airborne sound transmission.
Term
Impact Isolation Class (IIC), also referred to as Impact Noise Rating
Definition
Ratings appropriate in
considering the effect of impact noise on floor assemblies caused by foot traffic or machinery
Term
Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC)
Definition
Amplification and reverberation are functions of the absorptive characteristic of a material rated by
Term
Shop drawings
Definition
show precisely how a contractor intend to install a specific item of equipment or material.
Term
Product data
Definition
ARE standard information sheets that define and describe the physical and operational characteristics of items of equipment
Term
the date of signing the owner-contractor agreement
Definition
Contract time may start on
Term
when construction work is substantially complete
Definition
Contract time ends when
Term
upon substantial completion.
Definition
Warranty periods begin
Term
Construction Change Directive
Owner and architect
Definition
In the absence of total agreement on the terms of a change order, a ______ is used and signed by ________
Term
retainage
Definition
the process by which the owner withholds money form the contractor as a protection against the contractor’s potential failure to complete the work according to contract requirements
Term
retainage
Definition
the process by which the owner withholds money form the contractor as a protection against the contractor’s potential failure to complete the work according to contract requirements
Term
Proposal Request
Definition
what notifies the contractor of an anticipated change and requests a proposal from the contractor stating the cost and / or time impact of the change
Term
Proposal Request
Definition
what notifies the contractor of an anticipated change and requests a proposal from the contractor stating the cost and / or time impact of the change
Term
architect's supplemental instructions
Definition
what would be used, if there is no change in the cost or time, if an architect wants to save time by outlining an anticipated change in a construction detail
Term
architect's supplemental instructions
Definition
what would be used, if there is no change in the cost or time, if an architect wants to save time by outlining an anticipated change in a construction detail
Term
architect
Definition
A project Representation is selected, employed, and directed by
Term
architect
Definition
A project Representation is selected, employed, and directed by
Term
owner
Definition
A clerk of the works is generally employed by the
Term
owner
Definition
A clerk of the works is generally employed by the
Term
winds, differential settlement, expansive soils, and frost
action.
Definition
Vertical loads on building may be caused by
Term
winds, differential settlement, expansive soils, and frost
action.
Definition
Vertical loads on building may be cause by
Term
differential settlement
Definition
caused by non-uniform soil conditions can exert an upward force on the foundation.
Term
differential settlement
Definition
Caused by non-uniform soil conditions, this can exert an upward force on the foundation.
Term
1.) the material or system is to be used repetitively in the project.
2.) the installation will be the first use of an untested material of system.
3.) the project is to serve as a prototype.
Definition
A full size mock-up of a material or system is appropriately specified when;
Term
1.) the material or system is to be used repetitively in the project.
2.) the installation will be the first use of an untested material of system.
3.) the project is to serve as a prototype.
Definition
A full size mock-up of a material or system is appropriately specified when;
Term
1.) Lump sum
2.) Unit prices
3.) Cost plus a fee
Definition
If a change in the work results in an increase in the construction sum, the following methods may be used to determine the amount of the increase:
Term
1.) Lump sum
2.) Unit prices
3.) Cost plus a fee
Definition
If a change in the work results in an increase in the construction sum, the following methods may be used to determine the amount of the increase:
Term
owner
Definition
Subparagraph 11.3.1 of the AIA General Conditions requires _______ to purchase property insurance (builder's risk)
Term
the owner
Definition
who is responsible for identifying the presence of hazardous material
Term
A PUD (Planned Unit Development)
Definition
is similar to cluster development, but is larger in scale and may include commercial and industrial development, as well as housing
Term
Quality Assurance
Definition
describes a process where proper resources and scrutiny be applied to the design, documentation, and construction of a building on order to prevent errors before they are
made.
Term
The architect is required to secure from the contractor an affidavit stating that all payrolls, bills for
material and equipment, and other indebtedness connected with the work for which the owner’s property might in any way be responsible have been paid or otherwise satisfied before the architect may issue a
Definition
What must happen befor final certificate for payment
Term
1.) area and volume estimates
2.) subsystem estimates
3.) cost per unit
Definition
Methods employed by architects for estimating the cost of construction include all of the
Term
XCU
Definition
The exclusion from insurance coverage for liability arising out of the (X) explosion or blasting, (C) collapse of or structural damage to a building, and (U) underground damage caused by mechanical equipment.
Term
SUBSTANTIAL COMPLETION
Definition
As define in the AIA General Conditions, completion of a project to the point where the owner can occupy all or designated portions of the work for the purpose for which it is intended
Term
SPECIFICATIONS
Definition
Part of the contract documents, comprising written descriptions of the material, construction
systems, and workmanship.
Term
PROJECT MANUAL
Definition
The manual prepared by the architect for a project, including that technical specifications, bidding instructions and forms, general conditions, supplementary conditions, special conditions, and other legal and administrative documents.
Term
Multiple of Direct Personnel Expense Agreements
Definition
An agreement providing for payment for professional
services based upon the direct personnel expense multiplied by an agreed factor
Term
GENERAL CONDITIONS
Definition
The part of the Contract documents that states the rights, responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved, usually by means of a standard document published by the AIA.
Term
Direct Personnel Expense (DPE)
Definition
Salaries and wages attributable to a specific project, plus benefits such
as employment taxes, insurance, sick leave, holidays, vacations, pensions, and similar contributions and
benefits.
Term
Cost Plus Fee Contract
Definition
An agreement under which the contractor, or the architect, is reimbursed for his or her cost and, in additions, is paid a fee for his or her services
Term
CONTINGENCY
Definition
An amount of money set aside in a budget to cover unanticipated expenses
Term
provides a release or waiver of liens to the owner
Definition
The General Conditions stipulate that neither the final payment nor any portion of the retainage is to be paid until the contractor….
Term
Lien laws
Definition
______ assure satisfactory payment to workmen and suppliers of all debts incurred on behalf of the
project
Term
The architect may terminate the agreement.
Definition
During the production of working drawings for a project, the client has financial problems that
preclude further payment to the architect on account of his or her architectural fee. Under the standard agreement between architect and owner, what recourse does the architect have?
Term
alternate bid
Definition
a proposal by a bidder for an amount to be added to or subtracted from the base bid if the corresponding change in the work is accepted
Term
unit price
Definition
an amount stated in the bid dollars per unit, where the quantity of a particular part of the work is unknown or may vary from that shown in the contract documents.
Term
reflected ceiling plan
contains: architecture, HVAC, lighting, sprinklers, and fire protection equipment
Definition
Which of the following drawings requires the GREATEST level of coordination between the architect and consultants?
Term
the longest required time - the critical path
Definition
in a CPM diagram, the total project time is determined by what
Term
bar charts
Definition
what shows the starting and finishing dates of major phases of the work and can be clearly understood. However they do not indicate the relationship between activities or the dependence of one activity on the completion of another activity
Term
quality control
Definition
The traditional method of insuring quality by carefully checking documents before they are distributed to the owner or contractor
Term
quality and cost method
Definition
an item by item accounting of each product or material used and are typically outside the scope of architectural services.
Term
Fiduciary
Definition
party to whom another party entrust property for safe keeping.
Term
indemnification
Definition
also called Hold Harmless Clause, is a contractual obligation whereby one party agrees to guarantee another party against loss or damage from specified liabilities
Term
schedule of values
Definition
a statement furnished to the architect by the contractor reflecting the amounts to be allotted for the principal divisions of the work. It serves as a guide for reviewing the contractor’s periodic applications for payment.
Term
record drawings
Definition
they show field changes that occurred during construction, which may vary from the information shown in the working drawings. They are not as-built drawings
Term
contractor declares point of substantial completion and prepares a punch list
architect receives punch list and inspects work during which time the architect and owner can add items to the punch list
if the architect agrees that the work is substantially complete, the architect prepares the certificate of substantial completion
Definition
substantial completion procedure:
Term
retainage
Definition
It is the process by which the owner withholds money from the contractor as protection against the contractor’s potential failure to complete the work according to the contract documents
Term
true
Definition
true or false
retainage should not be reduced or released without the written consent of the surety
Term
liquidated damages
Definition
It is an amount of money stipulated in the contract that is chargeable against the contractor as reimbursement for damages suffered by the owner because of the contractor’s failure to fulfill contractual obligations
Term
contract modification
Definition
when a change order is agreed to by both the contractor and the owner, it becomes a _____
Term
negligence
Definition
failure to meet the ordinary standard of care expected of an architect under the same or similar circumstances as those associated with actual allegations of negligence in a specific case
Term
area/ volume estimate
Definition
it is a type of cost estimating, used primarily during the Schematic Design (SD) phase because of the lack of details available, to determine a preliminary cost
Term
subsystems estimate
Definition
a type of cost estimating, used when more details become available in a project, usually during the Design Development (DD), and Construction Documents (CD) phase. It deals with a project’s functional units or assemblies and enables comparisons between different conceptual solutions during those design phases
Term
detailed estimate
Definition
It is a type of cost estimating that is usually a change in services in respect to the architect, as it requires a more in depth research on cost
Term
detailed estimate
Definition
It requires a detailed calculation of the amount of each type of material, and labor necessary to produce the required construction. Costs per unit of material and labor are applied to the calculated quantities to arrive at the total direct cost of the construction work. Indirect costs must also be added.
Term
the contractors overhead
general conditions costs
contingency amounts
contractor's profit
Definition
indirect costs include
Term
interface events
Definition
In a CPM, events common to two separate network diagrams are
Term
float paths
Definition
In a CPM, all paths in the network, other than the critical path
Term
float paths
Definition
In a CPM, the extra time available for an activity or group of activities
Term
multiply by 7 and divide by 5
Definition
how do you convert activity time working days into calendar days
Term
an event
Definition
In a CPM, _____is a moment when a preceding activity has been completed and the following activity may begin
Term
it is the path with the longest time
Definition
how do you determine the critical path in a CPM diagram
Term
fast-track scheduling
Definition
is a moment when a preceding activity has been completed and the following activity may begin
Term
(Troubled Sons Twirl Individual Boring Girls Since People Shout Loud Interesting Statements)

Title sheet
Signature sheet
Table of contents
Instructions to bidders
Bid forms
General conditions of the construction contract
Supplementary conditions
Proposed owner-contractor agreement
Sample forms
List of drawings
Index to specs
Specs
Definition
In a typical project manual, the architect is responsible for:
Term
bidding requirements
contract forms
conditions of the contract
drawings
specs
addenda
Definition
bidding documents include
Term
Proprietary specification
Definition
Defines the use of desired materials, products, systems, and equipments by their trade names and model numbers.
Term
Reference specification
Definition
What type of spec refers to quality standards established by recognized testing authorities or by federal government such as UL (Underwriters’ Laboratories), ASTM (American society for testing and materials), and ANSI (American national standards institute). They are usually used in conjunction with other types of specifications.
Term
Performance specification
Definition
Define products or systems by describing desired end results that are performance oriented. It is used when new, unusual products are required or when innovation is necessary.
Term
Descriptive specification
Definition
They describe all components and products, their arrangement and method of assembly, physical and chemical properties, arrangement and relationship of parts, and numerous other details and requirements. This specification must be avoided if possible due to substantial liability.
Term
Cash allowance specification
Definition
They are used when full information on levels of quality has not been determined or are not available at the time bids are solicited. and they may be used for the purchase and delivery of the product only
Term
a bond is a guarantee; there is no expectation of loss
an insurance company anticipates the possibility of loss
Definition
the difference between bond and insurance
Term
waiver of subrogation
Definition
this precludes the parties -and the property insurance company - from seeking to recover any money from each other for any loss covered by property insurance
Term
flood and earthquake damage
Definition
what does property/builder's risk insurance not cover
Term
loss of use insurance
Definition
May be purchased by Owner. It protects against financial losses arising out of delays or other events that prevent the owner from using a project when and as intended, such as repairs, fire, replacing damaged property, etc
Term
third party law suits
Definition
when a work sues another party who might have been responsible for their injury, this is called:
Term
general liability insurance
Definition
May be purchased by the contractor, owner, architect, and consultant. A201 requires the contractor and owner to purchase it.
It protects from claims for damages for bodily injury, sickness, disease or death of the contractor’s employee or any other person.
Term
property damage insurance
Definition
May be purchased by the contractor.
It covers property other than construction work itself, which may be damaged by construction activities
Term
payment bond
Definition
A surety bond guaranteeing to the owner that obligations arising out of the contract documents will be paid or satisfied
Term
architect
Definition
who establishes requirements for the construction schedule
Term
contractor
Definition
who prepares the actual schedule of construction
Term
job fabrication
Definition
built and installed on site. Ex. Concrete
Term
shop fabrication
Definition
built in a factory, installed on site. Ex: elevators, structural steel
Term
manufactured
Definition
bought and delivered to site. Ex: plumbing fixtures, lighting fixtures
Term
Division 01 general requirements
and the materials description of the specs
Definition
Sustainability provision are found where in the specs...
Term
Division 01 general requirements
Definition
close-out procedures are found in
Term
Pre-Bid Conference/Pre-Bid Meetings
Definition
Meetings inform bidders about special and unique features of a project. At this meeting, the architect and owner can go over the instruction to bidders, outline the bid documents and highlight unusual provisions, conduct site tours, notification on future addenda, and record questions from bidders
Term
Pre-construction meetings
Definition
_______ is scheduled with the selected general contractor to review the contract documents, and to establish administrative procedures
Term
OSHA
Definition
applies to employers who are legally responsible for the workplace safety of their employees
Term
"supervision and inspection"
Definition
what term to describe an architect's services during construction phase should be avoided
Term
1. Plaintiff must allege and prove that there was a legal duty owed by the architect
2. The architect breached that duty
3. The breach of that duty was the proximate cause of actual injury or damage suffered by the plaintiff
Definition
factors that must be present for an architect to be found liable for negligence
Term
false
IT DOES vary by state
Definition
whether an arbitration is binding or not does NOT vary by state….true or false
Term
approval of the contractor and the insurance company
Definition
If the owner wants to occupy the projects prior to substantial completion, the owner needs:
Term
the approval of the architect, the contractor, and the insurance company
Definition
If the owner wants to occupy the projects after substantial completion, the owner needs
Term
the approval of the architect, the contractor, and the insurance company
Definition
to control costs, the architect must con side what three costs?
Term
(1) Operational Costs, (2) Maintenance Costs, (3) Taxes, (4) Financing, (5) Replacement, (6) Renovation
Definition
life-cycle costs include;
Term
labor costs
Definition
_____ is a major factor and often represents 50% of the total construction cost
Term
project budget
Definition
includes the direct cost of a project which is the basis of the architects cost estimating, amounts for contingencies, land acquisition, professional fees for the architect, engineers, and consultants, insurance, financing, construction taxes, and the owner’s legal fees, staff, and fees for outside consultants, demo, sit work, landscaping, FF&E, and special equipment.
Term
the superintendent
Definition
who represents the contractor on site
Term
1) construction schedule: cpm or bar graph
2) schedule of values
3) submittal schedule
Definition
what three things should the contractor submit prior to start of construction
Term
hazardous materials or human remains
Definition
During construction, if the contractor finds _____ the contractor must stop work in the affected area and notify the owner and architect. The owner must then hire or contact the necessary agency to fix the problem. The contractor can resume work upon the owner’s instruction
Term
contractor
Definition
if the work is covered by contractor contrary to architect request or
contract requirements, who pays for uncovering, replacement, etc
Term
the owner pays
Definition
if the work is covered, architect has not requested to examine prior to
covering, but now wants to see the work and needs it to be uncovered: who pays for it if the work is good
Term
contractor
Definition
if the work is covered, architect has not requested to examine prior to
covering, but now wants to see the work and needs it to be uncovered: who pays for it if the work is bad
Term
the risk to the owner for incomplete or incorrect work is also reduced at that point
Definition
At the time of substantial completion, the retainage may be reduced because of what two reasons
Term
False
It is NOT a guarantee
Definition
The issuance of the certificate of payment is a guarantee by the architect that the contractor has properly performed the work. True/False
Term
true
Definition
B101 and A201 do not contain specific requirements for the architect to maintain project files but all parties of the project expect the architect to maintain copies and organize documents. True/False
Term
Architect’s full time project representative
Definition
the owner may authorize the
architect to hire, as a change in services, a ________ to provide a higher degree of monitoring of the progress of the work
Term
Clerk of the works
Definition
a person employed by the owner to check on matters at the site and to maintain records of the progress of construction
Term
substantial completion
Definition
The responsibility of maintenance shifts from the contractor to the owner at
Term
1.Date of signing the O/C agreement
2. Date stated in O/C agreement
3.Issuance by owner of a formal Notice to Proceed
Definition
Date of Commencement or
Contract Time begins when...
Term
Date of Substantial completion written on the
Certificate of Substantial Completion issued by the
architect and signed by the contractor, owner, and
architect
Definition
Contract Time ends when...
Term
within 21 days of occurrence
Definition
Concerned party must Initiate Claim for requesting a change in Contract Sum, Contract time when...
Term
The owner, architect, and contractor can revisit a
previously disputed and resolved claim 10 years after
the date of substantial completion
Definition
Owner and architect: Time Limits for Claims
Term
Usually the architect according to A201- has 10 days within the day of receipt of the claim to respond
Definition
Response time to a claim under IDM dispute resolution
Term
1 calendar month ending on the last day of the
month or as stated in the agreement
Definition
Period covered by each Application for Payment
Term
Submit 10 days prior to the date established in the
schedule of values - (if contract is based on a
stipulated sum or GMP)
Definition
When should the Contractor submit an Application for payment to the architect – G702
Term
“Reasonable time” stated in agreement, but generally 14 days total:
A201 architect has 7 days to issue certificate of payment
A201 owner mush pay within 7 days upon receipt of certificate
A101owner mush pay within 10 days upon receipt of certificate
Definition
Days allotted to the architect and owner for processing each Progress Payments
Term
7 days after receipt of payment from the Owner. The Subcontractor also has 7 days to pay the sub- subcontractors
Definition
Days allotted for the Contractor to process payment to Subcontractors
Term
“Reasonable time” stated in agreement, but generally 37 days total:
A201 architect has 7 days to issue certificate of payment
A101 owner must pay contractor no later than 30 days after receipt of certificate
Definition
Days allotted to the architect and owner for processing the Final Payment
Term
Twice: (1) substantial completion, (2) final completion
Definition
Required project Inspection by the architect
Term
2 weeks minimum
Definition
Bidder’s allotted time for bid preparation
Term
Mechanic’s Lien
Definition
Required to be filed within 30 to 90 days, depending
on the jurisdiction, after the last work is performed or materials are installed
Term
2 years from the date on which final payment is due
Definition
time limit for Suit to enforce a bond
Term
7 days
Definition
Owner wants to terminate contract with the contractor. how many days notice do they give
Term
Within consultant’s request, the architect has 14
days to ask the owner to provide the information and send it to the consultant
Definition
Consultant request project information from Architect. time limit?
Term
The architect must pay the consultant within 10 days from receipt of the consultant’s billing
Definition
Days allotted to the architect for payment to the
Consultant
Term
7-12 months
Definition
basic time frame for All Design Phases
Term
1 week to 1 month typically
Definition
basic time frame for Clients review & approval between phases
Term
1-2 months
Definition
basic time frame for Schematic Design
Term
2-4 months
Definition
basic time frame for Design Development
Term
3-7 months
Definition
basic time frame for Construction Docs
Term
3-6 weeks
Definition
basic time frame for bidding and negotiation
Term
14 days
Definition
Basic time frame for Owner and Architect to review and approval of proposed Subcontractors and Superintendents
Term
1) work has stopped for 30 consecutive days (due to court order, act of government, owner not paying, architect not issuing certificate of payment...etc)
2) work has stopped for 120 total days in any 365 period because of delays, interruptions, etc
3)work has stopped for 60 consecutive days bc of owner
Definition
Contractor may terminate the O/C contract, through no fault of the contractor and others performing work under the contract, within 7 days notice to the owner, and recover payment for work executed, overhead profit, damages, and cost incurred due to termination, if: (3 things)
Term
1) architect did not issue certificate for payment within 7 days after receipt
2) owner does not pay contractor within 7 days after established date
Definition
contractor may stop work, within 7 days notice, until payment for the amount owed has been received, if: (2 things)
Term
contractor and architect
Definition
Who must approve the submittals
Term
architect
Definition
who is responsible for reviewing the submittals only for the limited purpose of checking for conformance with information given and the design concept expressed in the contract documents.
Term
architect
Definition
who is responsible for preparing proper specifications for submittals
Term
the architect should return them to the contractor without review.
Definition
If the contractor submits shop drawings for items for which shop drawings are not required by the specifications, what should the architect do?
Term
contractor
Definition
who is responsible for coordinating the work of the various subcontractors
and suppliers including coordination of their submittals.
Term
a reasonable time - in general 10 - 14 days
Definition
The architect and contractor must process submittals within
Term
architect
Definition
who must maintain records to log dates when submittals are received from
the contractor, and when these are returned.
Term
approved, approved as corrected, revise and resubmit, or not
approved – AIA G712- Shop Drawings and Samples Record
Definition
what actions can an architect take in reference to the submittals
Term
shop drawings
samples
product data
(not part of contract documents)
Definition
submittals consist of what 3 things?
Term
shop drawings
Definition
They graphically indicate the fabrication and installation of a
particular element for a portion of the Work
Term
samples
Definition
______ are representative of a material’s color, texture, finish, workmanship, etc., and establish physical standards for future work.
Term
Product Data
Definition
______ provide specific information about a product’s performance in the
form of charts, brochures, diagrams, or instructions
Term
true
Definition
routine testing is not usually observed by the architect. true/ false
Term
they should NOT be incorporated into the contract documents
Definition
Soil reports should be made available to the contractor for use and evaluation, but should these documents be incorporated into the contract documents?
Term
IMAL:

IDM (Initial Decision Maker)
Mediation
Arbitration
Litigation
Definition
alternative dispute resolution methods are:
Term
CMc: construction manager as constructor
Definition
He/she has a financial responsibility to the construction project. He/she is brought into the project before the design phases are completed to help with constructability
Term
A201 requires that payment be made for materials and equipment stored on site, unless otherwise provided. If payment is not to be made for materials and equipment stored on site, it should be stated in the supplementary conditions of the contract
Definition
what does A201 say about the payment for stored materials on site?
Term
A201 also states that if payment is to be made for materials and equipment stored off-site. Additional written approval must be secured from the owner
Definition
what does a201 say about storing of materials off site?
Term
contract sum+materials and equipment-previous payments=progress payment amount
Definition
how do you calculate a progress payment
Term
1. amount of completed work in %
+
2. portion of contract sum allocated to that portion of the Work (based on schedule of values)
+
Construction Change Directive and Change Order
-
3. Retainage in %
Definition
how do you calculate the contract sum amount in the progress payment
Term
structural integrity, water and moisture control, environmental consideration, thermal control, acoustical control, dimensional tolerances, maintenance and durability, aesthetics, codes and regulations
Definition
What to look for when checking construction documents?
Term
IBC, UBC (WEST), BOCA (EAST) SBCCI (SOUTH)
Definition
what are the four types of codes?
Term
cost
function
aesthetics
time
sustainability
Definition
Architect's design decisions are affected by:
Term
sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor air quality, innovation and design practice
Definition
LEED consists of 6 categories:
Term
design award build
design bid build
this is also the standard method of construction
Definition
what type project process is used when the owner wanted to participate in design process
Term
design award build
design bid build
Definition
the advantages of this type of project process:
1. Owner participates in the design process
2. Cost is accurately based on complete sets of documents
3. Clear separation between design and construction responsibilities
4. Construction scheduling is simple
Term
design award build
design bid build
Definition
the disadvantages of this type of project process:
1. Long time to complete CD phase before being able to establish an accurate cost and for construction to begin
2. GC experience and knowledge of pricing and constructability is not available during the design phases
Term
Construction Management (CM)
Definition
what project process has an owner hires a CM(A) or CM(C) to facilitate administrative services, constructability, and address cost throughout the design phases, bidding process, and construction
Term
CMa
construction manager as agent/advisor
Definition
what person administers design contracts, acts as the owner’s representative to the design team, manages the construction contracts, as well as non-construction activities on the site. He/she has no financial responsibility
Term
Stipulated Sum or Fixed Price Contract:
Cost Plus a Fee Contract:
Guaranteed Maximum Price
Definition
three types of contract cost
Term
Stipulated Sum or Fixed Price Contract:
Definition
guaranteed cost for construction before the start the start of construction and CMC services. Once the cost is agreed upon, the owner is obligated to pay the amount
Term
Cost Plus a Fee Contract:
Definition
actual cost of construction (materials + equipment + lowest Sub bids + CMC own labor) and negotiated fee for CMC services. This type of contract is often used when the owner wants to select a specific contractor for his/her capabilities, rather than bidding the project competitively. It usually includes a GMP
Term
Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP):
Definition
highest cost of the construction project guaranteed by the CMc
Term
Construction Management (CM)
Definition
the advantages of this project process are:
1. Cost is determined before CD’s are completed
2. Ability to use staged bidding which equates to a faster completed project
3. CM is hired early in the design process to resolve constructability before construction which equates in less cost for construction
Term
Construction Management (CM)
Definition
the disadvantages of this project process are:
1. Additional cost for hiring a CM
2. Complicates relationship between design and construction team
Term
design build
Definition
The following steps belong to what type of project delivery
1. Owner issues a request for proposals to selected firms
⇒ The owner can have an architect do the conceptual design and include it in his/her request for proposals which may reduce cost when hiring a design-build firm
2. Selected firms submit proposals and cost for design, design development, and construction to the owner
3. Owner selects a firm
4. Chosen firm designs, develops documents, and build the project
Term
design build
Definition
the advantages of this project process are:
1. One firm is responsible for design and construction
2. Cost is determined early in the process
3. Conflicts between designer and constructor are minimized
4. Facilitates fast-track construction
Term
design build
Definition
the Disadvantages of this project process are:
1. Owner’s input is minimized in the design of the project
2. Owner has no representative to protect his/her interest but can hire one outside of the selected firm
3. Any design change would likely require a change order that the owner will have to pay for
4. Dispute may arise regarding the scope of the work
5. Quality issues may arise and be difficult to address if the owner’s decision to select a firm was solely based on the lowest bid
Term
Smoke Barrier:
Definition
a continuous vertical or horizontal membrane with a minimum fire- resistant rating of 1 hour that is designed and constructed to restrict movement of smoke. It is a passive form of smoke control.
Term
fire wall
Definition
it is a fire- resistance rated wall that is used to separate a single structure into separate construction types or to provide for allowable area increases by creating what amounts to separate buildings even though they are attached. They need to have a fire-resistance of 2 to 4 hour and must extend continuously form the foundation to or through the roof. Example: wall separating row house units.
Term
fire barrier
Definition
it offers more protection than a fire partition. It is a vertical or horizontal assembly that is fire-resistance rated and is designed to restrict the spread of fire, confine it to limited areas, and/or afford safe passage for protected egress. Example: stairways
Term
fire partition
Definition
wall assembly with a 1-hour fire resistance rating that, in most cases, provides a continuous barrier from the floor to the underside of the floor or ceiling above, or to the ceiling of a fire-resistance rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assembly. Example: corridor walls
Term
NFPA 286
Definition
this test evaluates the contribution of wall and ceiling interior finish to room fire growth: it evaluates materials other than textiles and addresses displacement during the ASTM E84 test.
Term
NFPA 265 / Room Corner Test
Definition
this test is sometimes required in addition to the ASTM E84 test for textile interior finishes or instead of it. It determines the contribution of interior textile to fire growth using a 8’W x 12’L x8’H 3-wall room
Term
ASTM E84 / Steiner Tunnel Test
Definition
this tests the surface burning characteristics of building materials: test samples in a narrow chamber that has a controlled flame at one hand. The result is a materials flame spread rating. Class A (I), B (II), C (III). Class A (I) is the most fir resistant
Term
NFPA 257
Definition
this type of construction assembly test tests window and glass block assembly: prescribes specific fire and hose stream test procedures to establish a degree of fire protection in units of time
Term
NFPA 252
Definition
this type of construction assembly test tests door assemblies: evaluated the ability of a door assembly to resist the passage of flame, heat, and gases
Term
ASTM 119
Definition
this type of construction tests building construction and material: evaluates an assemblies ability to prevent the passage of fire, heat, and hot gasses for a given amount of time; they assemblies are given a rating according to time: 1-4-hr rating, and for doors and other assemblies 20/30/45 minute rating
Term
1. follow code for setbacks of property line (limitations on openings and extra fire protection on exterior walls)
2. greater setback than required (diminish limitations on openings and lower fire protection for savings)
Definition
2 choices on location of building on a property:
Term
I, II, III, IV, V
type I
type I and II
Definition
what are the different construction types
and which building type is the most fire resistive
what types are non combustive
Term
high rise building
Definition
for the purpose of the means of egress. This type of building is require to be provided with:
1. Automatic sprinkler system
2. Smoke detectors and alarms
3. Communication systems
4. Central control stations for fire department use
5. Smoke control for exit stair enclosures
6. Standby power systems
Term
1. Project size
2. Project complexity
3. Number of similar projects being bid at the same time
4. Access to sets of contract documents
Definition
Factors that affect time allotted for bidding:
Term
the length of the construction period
Definition
Bidding documents must clearly state _________ and provide for ample time for the completion of construction
Term
(1) the lowest bidder based on cost, (2) to a GC or CM based on qualifications, (3) to a GC or CM based on qualifications and a fee proposal – see construction management delivery method-.
Definition
What must you do in order to win a construction contract?
Term
Only to prime contractors - not subcontractors
Definition
Who are the bidding documents normally issued to?
Term
the words
Definition
If there are discrepancies in cost between the numerals and the words in a bid, which will prevail?
Term
The sum of the base bid + cost of additive alternatives + credit of deductive alternatives
Definition
Low bidder is determined by (the math):
Term
Unit cost
Definition
What CANNOT be used to determine the lowest bidder
Term
additional services
Definition
Services provided after completion of a project by an architect are considered:
Term
1) Date of final completion
2) Written warranties provided by the contractor
Definition
At project completion, the architect is required to forward certain documents to the owner as part of the architect’s services related to closing out the project:
Term
Base bid
Definition
Bond requirements and amount stated in bidding documents should be included in the
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